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Oral Pathology > Abnormalities of Teeth > Flashcards

Abnormalities of Teeth Flashcards

1
Q

incomplete of defective enamel formation

A

enamel hypoplasia

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2
Q

what are some reasons for enamel hypoplasia?

A

ENVIRONMENTAL

  • turner hypoplasia
  • antineoplastic agents
  • fluorosis
  • syphillis
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3
Q

how do you tx enamel hypoplasia?

A

restore as needed

*pitting enamel

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4
Q

“physiological” wear due to tooth to tooth contact during occlusion

A

attrition

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5
Q

tooth structure loss secondary to external agent (variety of patterns)

A

abrasion

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6
Q

cupped-out depression of occlusal surfaces or cusp tips; associated with regurgitated gastric acid or dietary acid

A

erosion

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7
Q

wedge-shaped defect limited to cervical area; bruxism associated

A

abfraction

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8
Q

what are some tx options for attrition, abrasion, erosion, and abfraction?

A
  • early dx and intervention
  • construction of mouth guards
  • inform pts regarding tooth loss from acidic foods, reflux
  • lost tooth structure - replaced with variety restorative procedures
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9
Q

relativeley rare condition of the destruction of tooth structure accomplished by cells located in the DENTAL PULP that may be idiopathic or subsequent to trauma

A

internal resorption

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10
Q

what color do the teeth show if they are internally resorbed?

A

pink

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11
Q

what is the tx for internal resorption?

A

endo therapy prior to perforation

*once communication with PDL there is a poorer prognosis

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12
Q

relatively common destruction of tooth structure accomplished by cells located in the PDL

A

external resorption

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13
Q

what causes external resorption

A
  • chronic inflammation
  • cysts/neoplasms
  • trauma
  • re-implantation of avulsed teeth
  • impactions
  • ortho forces
  • idiopathic
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14
Q

what is the tx for external resorption

A

depends on extent, extraction may be necessary

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15
Q

surface accumulation of EXOGENIOUS pigment which can typically be removed by prophy (food, tobacco, beverages, bacterial meds)

A

extrinsic stains

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16
Q

ENDOGENOUS materail is incorporated into developing teeth (deposition of circulating substances including drugs (tetracycline) and blood pigments (Rh incompatability)

A

instrinsic stains

*CANNOT be removed by prophy

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17
Q

MOST COMMON dental developmental anomaly that is UNCOMMON in deciduous dentition. it is the reduced number of teeth

A

hypodontia

*post teeth more likely to be missing

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18
Q

what teeth does hypodontia most commonly affect?

A
  • 3rds
  • second PMs
  • lateral incisors
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19
Q

lack of 6 or more teeth (type of hypodontia)

A

oligodontia

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20
Q

total lack of tooth development (type of hypodontia)

A

anodontia

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21
Q

what is the tx of hypodontia?

A

restorative tx as needed

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22
Q

presence of supernumerary teeth

A

hyperdontia

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23
Q

how common is hyperdontia?

A

1-3% of population

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24
Q

which dentition (permanent/deciduous) is hyperdontia more common

A

permanent

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25
Q

where do teeth associated with hyperdontia usually erupt?

A

95% max, usually anterior

*mesiodens, distodens, paramolar

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26
Q

what is the tx for hyperdontia?

A

removal may be indicated to avoid complications related to normal eruption and occlusion

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27
Q

condition in which the teeth are smaller than usual (may also affect shape), most commonly affects max laterals and 3rds

A

microdontia

28
Q

what is the tx for microdontia?

A

restorative tx as needed

29
Q

2 tooth buds merge to form single large tooth RESULTING IN LESS TEETH IN THE ARCH

A

fusion

30
Q

what do the two teeth share in fusion?

A

share cementum and dentin

HAVE SEPARATE root canals

31
Q

uncommon condition, characterized by the fusion of two teeth by the cementum alone

A

concresence

32
Q

where does concresence usually occur?

A

posterior maxilla

*clinically significant if one of the teeth needs to be extracted

33
Q

rare condition that primarily affects the max incisors that is basically an exaggerated cingulum

A

talon cusp

34
Q

severe talon cups may interfere with what?

A

occlusion

35
Q

condition of an extra cusp in central developmental groove. tooth often becomes NON-VITALpresumably due to attrition or trauma to cusp

A

dens evaginatus

36
Q

where is dens evaginatus most likely to occur?

A

mandib premolar teeth

37
Q

uncommon condition that is a “tooth within a tooth”

A

dens invaginatus (dens in dente)

38
Q

which teeth are most commonly affected by dens invaginatus (dens in dente)

A

max lateral incisors

39
Q

what causes dens invaginatus (dens in dente)

A

invagination of blood

*affected tooth often becomes non-vital shortly after eruption

40
Q

droplets of ectopic enamel usually around the furcations of max or mandib molars

A

enamel pearls

*may be deteted by probing, if mistaken for calculus may lead to exposure

41
Q

what might enamel pearls have?

A

dentin and pulp horns

42
Q

uncommon radiographic finding and the enlargement of the body and pulp chamber of a multirooted tooth leading to apical displacement of pulpal floor and furcation

A

taurodontism

*similar to bovine dentition

43
Q

what causes taurodontism

A

chromosomal alterations associated with various syndromes

44
Q

unusual incidental radiographic finding in ADULTS that is asymptomatic deposition of excessive cementum

A

hypercementosis

45
Q

what causes hypercementosis?

A

local and systemic factors

-strong association with piaget’s disease of bone

46
Q

is tx needed for hypercementosis?

A

no

*complications with extractions

47
Q

unusual radiographic finding of curvature/bend of tooth roots

A

dilaceration

48
Q

what causes dilaceration?

A

trauma in developing tooth

*extraction or RCT may be difficult

49
Q

group of uncommon genetic disorders affecting enamel of teeth, weak enamel is easily lost, varied pattern of inheritance, and affects both primary and permanent teeth

A

amelogenesis imperfecta

50
Q

what are the three main divisions of amelogenesis imperfecta?

A
  • hypoplastic
  • hypomaturation
  • hypocalcified
51
Q

division of amelogenesis imperfecta that is insufficient deposition of enamel matrix

A

hypoplastic

52
Q

division of amelogenesis imperfecta that is the enamel matrix is laid down but not mature

A

hypomaturation

53
Q

divison of amelogenesis imperfecta in which zero maturation in ECM but the ECM is laid down correctly

A

hypocalcified

54
Q

what are the clinical findings of amelogenesis imperfecta?

A

rough, smooth, pitted, pigmented or “snow-capped” enamel

55
Q

what are the radiographic findings of amelogenesis imperfecta?

A

thin enamel of normal or decreased density normal root and pulp morphology

56
Q

uncommon abnormality of dentin formation that affects BOTH the permanent and primary dentition

A

dentinogenesis imperfecta

57
Q

what kind of disease is dentinogenesis imperfecta?

A

autosomal dominant inheritance

  • due to mutation of the DSPP gene
  • “dentin sialophosphoprotein”
58
Q

what are the clinical findings of dentinogenesis imperfecta?

A
  • teeth appear transleucent “opalescent teeth”

- enamel is normal but poorly supported, rapid attrition of dentition is often seen

59
Q

what are the radiographic findings of dentinogenesis imperfecta?

A

bulbous crowns and obliteration of pulps

*similar changes may be seen with osteogenesis imperfecta

60
Q

what is the tx of dentinogenesis imperfecta?

A

management depends on the severity of gene expression

-may require little restorative care, however implants and/or overdentures are necessary in many cases

61
Q

what are the two types of dentin dysplasia

A

type I: radicular dentin dysplasia

type II: coronal dentin dysplasia

62
Q

what type of inheritance is dentin dysplasia?

A

autosomal dominant inheritance

63
Q

type of dentin dysplasia that involves radicular roots that are very short “rootless” teeth, obliteration of pulp canal, and periapical radioleucencies

A

type I: radicular dentin dysplasia

64
Q

type of dentin dysplasia that involves enlarged pulps with “thisle tube” appearance and pulp stones

A

type II: coronal dentin dysplasia

65
Q

clinically, how do teeth with dentin dysplasia appear?

A

normal

Oral Pathology (9 decks)

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