Physchological development

Question 1

Typical behaviour

Answer 1

Activities that are consistent with how an individual usually behave

Question 2

Atypical behaviour

Answer 2

Activities that are unusual or unatural according to how an individual usually behaves
* Any behaviour one person may perceive as unusual, may not be considered as atypical is its how the individual normally acts.

Question 3

Atypical development

Answer 3

When behaviours, skills or abilikties fall outside the expected/normal range of development, compared to other peers

Question 4

Typical development

Answer 4

When a child’s behaviours, skills or abilities fall within expected range of development

Question 5

Psychological dev

Answer 5

standards against which a judgement can be made about someone’s abilities and behaviour

Question 6

Cultural perspective

Answer 6

INfluence of society and community on ones thoughts
using cultural norms or standards to determine if behaviours are acceptable or typical for certain culture

Question 7

Social norms

Answer 7

Societies/shared standards/social beliefs about what is acceptable
informal=understandings
Formal=rules and laws

Question 8

Statistical rarity

Answer 8

Behaviours that are considered abnormal/atypical, deviating significantly from statistical average/mean

Question 9

Personal distress

Answer 9

An aversive and often self-oriented emotional behaviour involving unpleasant/upsetting emtions

Question 10

Maladaptive behaviour

Answer 10

A behaviour thats unhelpful,dysfunctional and non-productive, interfering with someones ability to adjust to their environment appropraitely and effectively

Question 11

Cultural perspective (S&W)

Answer 11

+ enable different cultural contexts to be taken into account
- Cultural only allows for collective eval, rather than individual eval
- multicultural society=hard to isolate behaviours

Question 12

Social norms (S&W)

Answer 12

+ Act as baseline to compare behaviours
- Depend on situations and context

Question 13

Personal distress (S&W)

Answer 13

+measure of when others aren’t appropriate
+ Visual indication
- People can conceal there emotions, making it hard to identify atypical behaviours

Question 14

Maladaptive behaviours

Answer 14

+enables consideration of consequences of behaviours
- Is subjective

Question 15

Normality

Answer 15

Patterns of behaviour that are typical and expected or that conform to standards of whats considered acceptable

Question 16

normal behaviours

Answer 16

consistant w that individuals usual way of beahaving

Question 17

Abnormality

Answer 17

behaviours that are unusual, bizarre, atypical
> behaviours that deviate from societal norms, w potential to cause distress to the individual or family

Question 18

Neurotypical

Answer 18

individuals who have typical or expected neurological and cognitive brain functioning, processing and behaviours

Question 19

Neurodiversity

Answer 19

Variations in neurological development and functioning w/in and between groups of people
>idea every human has unique nervous system w different needs and abilities

Question 20

Adaptive

Answer 20

having emotions, behaviours and cognitions that enable us to adjust to our environment appropriately and function effectively
EMOTIONS: effectively regulate and display emotions
BEHAVIOURS: enhance indivs ability to match changing demands on life
COGNITIONS: Awareness and knowledge to adjust to different environments

Question 21

Maladaptive

Answer 21

emotions, behaviours and cognitions that interfere w our ability to adjust to our environment appropriately and effectively
EMOTIONS: Unable to effectively regulate and display emotions
BEHAVIOURS: Hinder indivs ability to meet changing demands of life
COGNITIONS: lack awareness and knowledge to adjust to dif environments

Question 22

Maladaptive emotions

Answer 22

Intense overwhelming emtions that occur frequently, persist for extended periods of time and inappropriate for situation

Question 23

Maladaptive cognitions

Answer 23

process or mental action, that involve acquiring, processing and understanding information

Question 24

Neurodiversity

Answer 24

explains that differences in thinking are accounted for by differences in culture, life experiences and everyone is unique

Question 25

Neurodivergent

Answer 25

Individuals w variation in neurological development and brain functioning

Question 26

ASD

Answer 26

neurodevelopmental condition characterised by impaired social interaction, verbal and nonverbal coms and repetitive bahaviours

Question 27

ASD+ theory of mind

Answer 27

individuals w ASD= impaired theory of mind(ability to make judgements on others mental states)
SALLY ANNE test

Question 28

Signs and symptoms of ASD

Answer 28

Poor communication and social skills
Lack ability to understand emtions and social cues
Poor non-verbal communications i.e eye contact
Struggle to form and maintain relationships

Question 29

ADHD

Answer 29

A neurological condition characterised by consistent inattention, hyperactivity, disruptive social, academic or occupational functioning and impulsivity

Question 30

ADHD signs and symptoms

Answer 30

Inattention= difficulty staying on task
hyperactivity= person may move constantly, ie fidget, even in situtations where it isnt appropriate
Impulsivity= person acts w/o thinking or difficulty w self control
-Present before 12
-persist longer than 6 months
-contributues to impariments across multiple settings

Question 31

ADHD and cognitive variations

Answer 31

Executive functions= indivs w deficits in executive functions
>organising, prioritising
Working memory= difficulty in dealing w visual and spatial information
Arousal and alertness= being under alert rather than being vigilant
Time estimation=variaitions in how they estimate time