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Physiology I & II > Phys Ch 5 Vocab > Flashcards

Phys Ch 5 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Long Bones

A

Have a greater length than width

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2
Q

Short Bones

A

Cubed shaped; spongy except for the surface

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3
Q

Flat Bones

A

Thin and composed of two or less parallel plates of compact bone enclosed in a layer of spongy bone

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4
Q

Irregular Bones

A

Complex shapes

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5
Q

Sesamoid Bones

A

small bones between the cranial bones in the skull

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6
Q

Sutural Bones

A

small bones in tendons due to the build-up of pressure

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7
Q

Diaphysis

A

the long shaft-like portion of a long bone

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8
Q

Metaphysis

A

immature bone in between diaphysis and epiphysis

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9
Q

Epiphysis

A

the extremities or the ends of the bone

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10
Q

Compact Bones

A

bone with few spaces in between

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11
Q

Spongy Bones

A

bones with many spaces, like a sponge

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12
Q

Epiphyseal Plate

A

the site where the bone growth occurs in length

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13
Q

Articular Cartilage

A

a thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the epiphysis where bone forms a joint with another bone

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14
Q

Periosteum

A

a membrane around the bone not covered by articular cartilage

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15
Q

Medullary Cavity

A

bone marrow cavity

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16
Q

Endosteum

A

the lining of the medullary cavity that consists of osteoprogenitor cells

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17
Q

Osteoprogenitor

A

cells that eventually help create osseous tissue

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18
Q

Osteoblasts

A

cells that form bone

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19
Q

Osteoclasts

A

cells that reabsorb bone

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20
Q

Osteocytes

A

bone cells

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21
Q

Ossification

A

creating bones

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22
Q

Calcification

A

osteoblasts deposit salts and begin to harden

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23
Q

Perforating Canals

A

connect the bones with blood vessels

24
Q

Central Canals

A

canals that carry blood and nutrients lengthwise in the bones

25
Q

Concentric Lamellae

A

rings of hard calcified matrix to provide strength

26
Q

Osteon

A

the main functional unit of compact bone; made of lamellae, lacunae, canaliculi, and osteocytes

27
Q

Lacunae

A

small gaps in bones and the location of some cells

28
Q

Canaliculi

A

a small canal that provides additional blood flow for nutrients

29
Q

Trabeculae

A

thin bones that look like a framework; like a sponge

30
Q

Hematopoiesis

A

making red blood cells

31
Q

Intramembranous Ossification

A

formation of bone directly on the connective tissue

32
Q

Endochondral Ossification

A

formation of bone within a cartilage model

33
Q

Coronal Suture

A

exists between two frontal bones and two parietal bones

34
Q

Lambdoid Suture

A

exists between the parietal bones and the occipital bones

35
Q

Midsaggital Suture

A

exists between the two parietal bones

36
Q

Squamous Suture

A

exists between the parietal and temporal bones

37
Q

Sinuses

A

a cavity or space in the body

38
Q

Axial

A

the main body trunk

39
Q

Appendicular

A

upper and lower extremities

40
Q

Foramen

A

an opening through which blood vessels, nerves, or ligaments pass

41
Q

Meatus

A

tubelike passage way

42
Q

Sinus

A

air cavities

43
Q

Fossa

A

depression in or on a bone

44
Q

Condyle

A

a large rounded articular prominence

45
Q

Head

A

a rounded articular projection supported on the constricted portion

46
Q

Facet

A

a smooth, flat surface

47
Q

Tuberosity

A

small rounded process

48
Q

Spinous Process

A

sharp, slender projections

49
Q

Trochanter

A

large, blunt found only in femur

50
Q

Crest

A

a prominent border or ridge

51
Q

Vertebrae

A

spine; 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 4 coccygeal. 33 total

52
Q

Thorax

A

between the bottom of the neck and the under pecs

53
Q

Sternum

A

hard bone, superior, in between ribs

54
Q

Pectoral Girdle

A

attachment of the extremities in the upper body to the axial skeleton

55
Q

Pelvimetry

A

measuring of pelvis

Physiology I & II (8 decks)

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