Phys Ch 5 Flashcards
What is a foramen?
an opening through which blood vessels, nerves, or ligaments pass
What is a meatus?
a tube-like passageway running within a bone
What is a sinus?
air cavity within the bone connected to the nasal cavity
What is a fossa?
a depression in or on the bone
What is a condyle?
a large rounded articular prominence
What is a head?
a rounded articular projection supported on the constricted portion
What is a facet?
a smooth, flat surface
What is a tuberosity?
large, round roughened process
What is the spinous process?
sharp, slender projections
What is the trochanter?
large, blunt, and sticks out on the femur
What is a crest?
a prominent border or ridge
What is vertebrae?
the series of bones in the vertebral column
What is the thorax?
the chest; the boney cage by the sternum, costal cartilage, ribs, and the thoracic vertebrae
What is the sternum?
the center of the anterior thoracic wall
What is the pectoral girdle?
shoulder; the attachment of the extremities in the upper body to the axial skeleton
What is pelvimetry?
the measurement of the pelvis
What are sutures and why are they needed?
seams in the bones that allow for flexibility in babies
What are fontanels?
soft spots in the skull
What are the purpose of surface markings?
special features to allow attachments
How many bones are in an adult?
206
How many bones are in the spine?
26
How many bones are in the axial skeleton?
80
How many bones are in the appendicular skeleton?
126
What are the regions of the spine from top to bottom?
Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacrum, and Coccyx
How many bones are in each region of the spine?
Cervical- 7
Thoracic- 12
Lumbar- 5
Sacrum- 5 (fuse to 1)
Coccyx- 4 (fuse to 1)
Why does the spine have curves?
to support weight
What provides cushion in the spine?
intervertebral disk
What is the atlas and axis?
C1 and C2 vertebrae allow for the motion of the head. C1 yes, C2 no
What are common features of the vertebrae?
foramen and body weight
What are the parts of the sternum?
manubrium, body, and xiphoid process
What are true ribs?
directly connected to the sternum
What are false ribs?
connected to the sternum through webbing
What are floating ribs?
ribs not connected to the sternum
How many of each type of rib are there?
True- 1-7
False- 8-10
Floating- 11-12
What are the spaces in between the ribs called?
intercostal spaces
What bones make up the pectoral girdle?
clavicale and scapula
What is the major marking on the humerus that helps it attach to the deltoid muscle?
deltoid tuberosity
What type of bone are the hips?
compact bone
What is the heel of the foot called?
calcaneus
What is the kneecap called?
patella
