Phys Ch 1 Vocab Flashcards
Define -ology
the study of
Define anatomy
the study of the body structure
Define physiology
the study of body functions
Define cells
the smallest units of all living things
Define tissues
a group of similar cells that have a common function
Define organs
a structure that is composed of two or more tissue types and performs a specific function
Define organ systems
a group of organs that cooperate to accomplish a common purpose
Define Integumentary system
the external covering of the body, or the skin.
Define metabolism
a broad term that refers to all chemical reactions within body cells
Define anabolism
the combining of similar substances to form more complex substances
Define catabolism
the breaking down of substances into similar substances by living cells; destructive metabolism
Define homeostasis
the body’s ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions
Define inferior
below
Define superior
above
Define anterior
front
Define posterior
back
Define medial
middle
Define lateral
side
Define intermediate
in-between
Define proximal
close
Define distal
far
Define superficial
surface
Define deep
internal
Pleural
lungs
Pericardial
heart
Dorsal
spine
Thoracic
heart and lungs
Abdominal
stomach
Pelvic
blatter
Cranial
brain
Epithelial Tissue
skin cells and cells that line /protect
Connective Tissue
tendons and ligaments
Muscle Tissue
muscles such as biceps, femoris, or pectoralis major
Nervous Tissue
brain, central nervous system, etc.
Feedback System
a cycle of events in which information about body systems is monitored and reported back to the central control region.
Define Positive Feedback
If the response enhances the original stimulus (ex. contractions)
0-5-0
Define Negative Feedback
If a response to a stimulus reverses the original stimulus (ex. being cold and your body heating you up)
0-2-4-2-0
Define Anatomical Position
An agreement to the position of the human body in a specific position; palms forward, feet flat
Midsagittal Plane
divides body from left to right
Frontal Plane
divides body front from back
Transverse Plane
divides body top to bottom
