phys- cerebral cortex Flashcards

1
Q

neocortex

location
function

A

90% of brain
outer part of brain
higher brain functions such as learning, memory

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2
Q

allocortex

location
function

A

10% of brain
smaller part of brain, in limbic and olfactory regions
emotion regulation, reward

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3
Q

neocortex layers

A

6 layers

molecular
external granular
pyramidal cells
internal granular
ganglionic
polymorphonuclear cells

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4
Q

allocortex # of layers

A

3-4

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5
Q

3 neocortex cell types

A

pyramidal cells
stellate cells
spindle cells

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6
Q

pyramidal cells

structure

A

apical dendrite toward pial surface
with many basilar dendrites

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7
Q

stellate cells

shape
structure

A

polygonal shape
many dendrites in all directions
short axon
interneurons

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8
Q

spindle cells

structure
location
where does axon enter

A

aborizing dendrites
deepest cortical layers
axon enters white matter

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9
Q

hippocampus

function

A

long term memory formation

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10
Q

structure of pyramidal cells in hippocampus

A

CA3 pyramidal cell -> sends axons to dendrites of CA1 pyramidal cells
(aka schaffer collaterals)

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11
Q

CA1 pyramidal cells in hippocampus are most susceptible to …

A

hypoxic damage

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12
Q

CA3 pyramidal cells in hippocampus function in …

A

memory processing

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13
Q

perforant pathway

A

pathway of major input to hipppocampus

pyramidal glutaminergic neurons from entorhinal cortex
->
to dentate granule cell

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14
Q

review in Notability: mechanism of LTP and its role in associative learning in the hippocampus

A
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15
Q

review in Notability: cortical topography

A
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16
Q

dorsal visual pathway

A

WHERE
spatial awareness
guidance of movement

17
Q

ventral visual pathway

A

WHAT
recognize object
naming + knowing

18
Q

prosopagnosia

definition
cause

A

face blindness
right fusiform gyrus lesion, affects Brodmann 37

19
Q

simultagnosia

definition
cause

A

inability to use part of an image to understand the whole image
-scenes / objects perceived in piecemeal manner
bilateral parietal lobe lesion

20
Q

frontal eye field lesion

definition
2 types

A

frontal eye field = control of visual attention + eye movements

frontal eye field ACTIVATED = eyes look AWAY from lesion

frontal eye field IMPAIRED = eyes look TOWARD lesion