phys- cerebral cortex Flashcards
neocortex
location
function
90% of brain
outer part of brain
higher brain functions such as learning, memory
allocortex
location
function
10% of brain
smaller part of brain, in limbic and olfactory regions
emotion regulation, reward
neocortex layers
6 layers
molecular
external granular
pyramidal cells
internal granular
ganglionic
polymorphonuclear cells
allocortex # of layers
3-4
3 neocortex cell types
pyramidal cells
stellate cells
spindle cells
pyramidal cells
structure
apical dendrite toward pial surface
with many basilar dendrites
stellate cells
shape
structure
polygonal shape
many dendrites in all directions
short axon
interneurons
spindle cells
structure
location
where does axon enter
aborizing dendrites
deepest cortical layers
axon enters white matter
hippocampus
function
long term memory formation
structure of pyramidal cells in hippocampus
CA3 pyramidal cell -> sends axons to dendrites of CA1 pyramidal cells
(aka schaffer collaterals)
CA1 pyramidal cells in hippocampus are most susceptible to …
hypoxic damage
CA3 pyramidal cells in hippocampus function in …
memory processing
perforant pathway
pathway of major input to hipppocampus
pyramidal glutaminergic neurons from entorhinal cortex
->
to dentate granule cell
review in Notability: mechanism of LTP and its role in associative learning in the hippocampus
review in Notability: cortical topography
dorsal visual pathway
WHERE
spatial awareness
guidance of movement
ventral visual pathway
WHAT
recognize object
naming + knowing
prosopagnosia
definition
cause
face blindness
right fusiform gyrus lesion, affects Brodmann 37
simultagnosia
definition
cause
inability to use part of an image to understand the whole image
-scenes / objects perceived in piecemeal manner
bilateral parietal lobe lesion
frontal eye field lesion
definition
2 types
frontal eye field = control of visual attention + eye movements
frontal eye field ACTIVATED = eyes look AWAY from lesion
frontal eye field IMPAIRED = eyes look TOWARD lesion
