Phylum Porifera (lecture)

Question 1

Porifera common name

Answer 1

Sponges

Question 2

Porifera germ layers

Answer 2

Diploblastic

Question 3

Filter/suspension feeding

Answer 3

Pull nutrients out of water using filter

Question 4

2 Ways to increase filter/suspension feeding efficiency?

Answer 4

1. Bigger filter surface area

2. Filter more water (faster flow)

Question 5

Intracellular digestion

Answer 5

each cell does its own digestion

Question 6

How do sponges do gas exchange?

Answer 6

Every cell has access to water and does its own gas exchange

Question 7

How do sponges excrete ammonia without an excretory system?

Answer 7

Ammonia diffuses from every cell into the water, since every cell has access to water.

Question 8

2 parts of sponge endoskeleton?

Answer 8

Spongin and Spicules

Question 9

Elastic secretion that allows for flexibility

sponge endoskeleton

Answer 9

Spongin

Question 10

Non-elastic, rigid, pokey

sponge endoskeleton

Answer 10

Spicules

Question 11

Sponge hydrostatic skeleton allows for ___

Answer 11

Flexibility

Question 12

Sponge type of symmetry

Answer 12

asymmetry

Question 13

Sponge type of body organization?

Answer 13

Cellular
Different cell types
No tissues, organs, organ systems

Question 14

Do sponges have nervous tissues?

Answer 14

No

Question 15

Do sponges have a circulatory system?

Answer 15

No

Question 16

What are the 3 sponge cell types?

Answer 16

Pinacocytes
Choanocytes
Mesenchyme

Question 17

Pinacocytes

Answer 17

Outer covering

Question 18

Choanocytes

Answer 18

Feeding cells

Question 19

Mesenchyme

Answer 19

Repair, growth, immunity, reproduction

Question 20

3 sponge body types

Answer 20

Asconoid (cup)
Syconoid
Leuconoid

Question 21

Why does sponge flagellum beat to create a current?

Answer 21

to draw in water from the side and mesohyl moves food to cell body

Question 22

Asconoid path of water

Answer 22

Ostia -> spongocoel -> osculum

Question 23

Syconoid path of water

Answer 23

Ostia -> incurrent canals -> prosopyle -> radial canals -> apopyle -> osculum -> spongocoel -> osculume

Question 24

Where are the choanocytes in Asconoids?

Answer 24

spongocoel

Question 25

Where are the choanocytes in Syconoids?

Answer 25

radial canals

Question 26

Leuconoid path of water

Answer 26

Ostia-> incurrent canals -> choanocyte chambers -> excurrent canals -> oscula (many out-holes)

Question 27

Where are the choanocytes in Leuconoids?

Answer 27

Choanocyte chambers

Question 28

How do Leuconoids grow?

Answer 28

Sprawling (across) instead of up

Question 29

Sponge reproduction in the summer / spring?

Larvae characteristic and reason?

Answer 29

Sexual reproduction

flagellated larvae so they disperse

Question 30

Sedentary adults usually give birth to ___ ___ to

Answer 30

Motile larva

Question 31

How do motile sponge larva reduce competition between

Answer 31

Adult and larval offspring

Adult parents and adult offspring

Question 32

Sponge reproduction in the Fall? What do they create?

Answer 32

Asexual

Create gemmules

Question 33

Gemmules

Answer 33

Overwinter: Emerge in spring and create an adult sponge

Question 34

What kind of skeleton to porifera have

Answer 34

Endoskeleton

Question 35

Do porifera have a circulatory system?

Answer 35

No

Question 36

Do porifera have a nervous system?

Answer 36

No