Phylum Annelida Flashcards
Phylum Annelida common name
Segmented worms, earthworms
Phylum Annelida
Feeding mechanisms
Deposit feeder
suspension feeder
fluid feeders
What is deposit feeding
eat dirt, sand, mud
Phylum Annelida
How do they breathe?
Cutaneous respiration
Diffuse gas through moist skin
Phylum Annelida
Protonephridium characteristics
Diffusion Closed Flagellum Energy saving Water using
Phylum Annelida
Metanephridium characteristics
Open Active transport Cilliated Energy using Water saving
Phylum Annelida
Water pressure inside coelom to keep body shape
Hydrostatic skeleton
Phylum Annelida
Body level of organization
Organ system
Phylum Annelida
Digestive tract
Complete digestive system
Phylum Annelida
Type of symmetry
Bilateral
Phylum Annelida
Only phylum so far with a Ganglia + ___
Ventral nerve cord
Phylum Annelida
What is metamerism?
Serial repetition of body parts
Phylum Annelida
What are the advantages of a metameric body?
Injury is often less fatal
Compartmentalization allows for more precise body control
Allows for evolutionary tinkering
Phylum Annelida
What is tagmatization?
Specialization of repeated parts
Phylum Annelida
Synapomorphy with exception
Setae
lost in leeches
Phylum Annelida
What species lost setae?
Leeches
Phylum Annelida
Proposed super phylum
Lophotrochozoa
Class Errantia
“Err-“ meaning
Wandering
Class Errantia
Synapomorphy
Parapodia
Class Errantia
Locomotion
Alternate contraction of L and R longitudinal muscles using parapodia to grip the environment
Class Errantia
Prostomium
“nose area”
2-4 Pairs of eyes
Class Errantia
Eye types
Photoreceptors: Light/dark only
Lens, cornea, retina - Hunt by sight
Class Errantia
Peristomium
1st true segment
Sensory tentacles - Hunting
Class Errantia
Cuticle purpose
Non-living layer
Protects against drying out
Class Errantia
Statocysts purpose? Why?
Sensitive to gravity, forces, and water currents
Because they swim
“Pro-“ Meaning
Before
“-Stomium” meaning
Mouth
“Peri-“ meaning
Around
Class Sedentaria
Kind of synapomorphy
Greatly reduced setae
4 per segment max
Class Sedentaria, Order Clitellata
Clitellum purpose?
Secretes coccoon for larvae
Protects from predators and drying out
Order Clitellata, Family Lumbricidae common name
Earthworms
Order Clitellata, Family Lumbricidae
Locomotion
Alternate circular and longitudinal muscles using setae to grip the environment
Order Clitellata, Family Lumbricidae
Digestive tract path
mouth -> pharynx -> esophagus -> crop -> gizzard -> intestine -> anus
Order Clitellata, Family Lumbricidae
The crop is ___
Glandular
Order Clitellata, Family Lumbricidae
The gizzard is responsible for ___
Grinding
Order Clitellata, Family Lumbricidae
Where is the typhlosole
Inside the intestine
Order Clitellata, Family Lumbricidae
Where is the purpose of the typhlosole
increase surface area
Order Clitellata, Family Lumbricidae
Reproductive anatomy
Monoecious
Order Clitellata, Family Lumbricidae
Mating style and hatch time?
Bidirectional sperm exchange
1-2 weeks to hatch
Order Clitellata, Family Hirudinidae
“Hirudino” meaning
Leech
Order Clitellata, Family Hirudinidae
Characteristics
Anterior and posterior suckers
Order Clitellata, Family Hirudinidae
Locomotion
Alternating of circular and longitudinal muscles and using anterior and posterior suckers to grip the environment
Order Clitellata, Family Hirudinidae
Feeding behaviors
Fluid feeders and sometimes predators for small prey
