PHYLUM CHORDATA

Question 1

what symmetry do chordates have

Answer 1

bilateral symmetry

Question 2

4 unique features of chordates which appear at some stage during their development

Answer 2

notochord
dorsal tubular nerve cord
pharyngeal gill slits
post-anal tail

Question 3

are ames for their notochord which is a stiff but flexible, rod-shaped structure that is found in the embryonic stage in the adult stage as well

Answer 3

chordates

Question 4

it is located between the digestive tube and the nerve cord and provides skeletal supprt through the length of the body

Answer 4

notochord

Question 5

where is notochord located

Answer 5

between the digestive tube and the nerve cord

Question 6

in vertebrates ——— is replaced by the vertebral column

Answer 6

notochord

Question 7

in vertebrates the notochord is replaced by the

Answer 7

vertebral column

Question 8

in some chordates —— acts as the primary axial support of the body throughout the animal’s lifetime

Answer 8

notochord

Question 9

it acts as the primary axial support of the body throughout the animal’s lifetime

Answer 9

notochord

Question 10

it parallels the notochord and derives from ectoderm that rolls into a hollow tube during development

Answer 10

dorsal hollow nerve cord

Question 11

it can eventually become a spinal cord in vertebrate chordates

Answer 11

dorsal hollow nerve cord

Question 12

are opening in the pharynx that extend to the outside environment

Answer 12

pharyngeal slits

Question 13

the throat area

Answer 13

pharynx

Question 14

some chordates use it to filter foods out of the water that enters the mouth

Answer 14

pharyngeal slits

Question 15

in tetrapods it is modified into components of the ear and tonsils

Answer 15

pharyngeal slits

Question 16

in vertebrate fishes it is modified into gill supports, and in jawed fishes, into jaw support

Answer 16

pharyngeal slits

Question 17

they are four-legged animals

Answer 17

tetrapods

Question 18

in tetrapods the pharyngeal slits are modified into componets of the —– and —-

Answer 18

ear and tonsils

Question 19

it is the posterior extension of the body beyond the anus

Answer 19

post-anal tail

Question 20

it contains skeletal elements and muscles

Answer 20

tail

Question 21

it provides a source of locomotion in aquatic species, such as fishes

Answer 21

tail

Question 22

in some terrestrial vertebrates it helps in balance, courting, signaling when danger is near

Answer 22

tail

Question 23

in —— the post-anal tail vestigial, that is reduced in size and nonfunctional

Answer 23

humans

Question 24

what vertebrates uses tail for balance, courting, and signaling

Answer 24

terrestrial vertebrates

Question 25

in huan it is vestigial and is reduced in size and is nonfunctional

Answer 25

post-anal tail

Question 26

3 subphyla of phylum chordata

Answer 26

vertebra urochordata cephalochordata

Question 27

it includes fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals

Answer 27

vertebrata

Question 28

it includes the lancelets

Answer 28

cephalochordata

Question 29

it includes salps and seas squirts

Answer 29

urochordata

Question 30

vertebrata are sometimes considered as a subgroup of the clade --------

Answer 30

craniata

Question 31

------ are sometimes considered as a subgroup of the clade Craniata

Answer 31

Vertebrata

Question 32

they consists of chordate with a skull

Answer 32

Craniata

Question 33

also known as cephalochordata

Answer 33

lancelets

Question 34

they are about 3-7 cm and live buried up to their mouth in sediment

Answer 34

mature animals

Question 35

how long are mature animals in cm

Answer 35

3-7 cm

Question 36

it moves the water through gill slits that filter food particles and allow gas exchanges

Answer 36

cilia kining their pharynx

Question 37

it provides support for their body

Answer 37

notochord

Question 38

segmented bodies of chordates have muscles allowing for

Answer 38

weak swimming

Question 39

they have separate sexes and reproduce sexually releasing gametes in water

Answer 39

lancelets

Question 40

fertilized eggs will develop into

Answer 40

microscopic larvae

Question 41

they will grow and develop for several weeks before trasnmitting into the adult form

Answer 41

microscopic larvae

Question 42

tunicates are under the subphylum

Answer 42

urochordata

Question 43

this group includes immobile, filter-feeding barrel-shaped adult sea squirts and salps

Answer 43

Tunicates or Urochordata

Question 44

they move about by contracting their muscles forcing out a jet of water and propelling them forward

Answer 44

salps

Question 45

their sizes range form a few millimeters to 1 foot (about 30cm)

Answer 45

tunicates

Question 46

have typical chordate traits but adults only retain the gill slits

Answer 46

tunicate larvae

Question 47

tunicate larvae have typical chordate traits but aduts only retain the ------ ----

Answer 47

gill slits

Question 48

most are hermaphroditic and can reproduce asexually and sexually

Answer 48

Tunicate or tunicate larvae

Question 49

they undergo metamorphosis during which body parts are rearranged and a secreted carbohydrate-rich covering

Answer 49

larvae

Question 50

a ---- encloses the adult body and gives the group's name

Answer 50

tunic