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Biology 1101 > Phyla > Flashcards

Phyla Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The study of anatomical forms and structures with emphasis on characteristics useful ib distinguishung the species

A

Morphoanatomy

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2
Q

Divides an organism into moreor image halves

A

Bilateral Symmetry

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3
Q

The organism can be divided into similar halves by passing a plane at any angle along a central axis

A

Radial Symmetry

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4
Q

Not identical on both sides of a central line

A

Asymmetry

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5
Q

Anatomical terms of direction

A

Cranial(top) Caudal(bottom) Dorsal(back) Ventral(front)

Anterior(front) Posterior(back)

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6
Q

Major animal groups

A

Phylum Porifera, Phylum Cnidaria, Worm Phyla (Platyhelninthes, nematoda, annelida) Phylum Mollusca, Phylum Echinodermata, Phylum Anthropoda, Phylum Chordata

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7
Q

Phylum Porifera is made up of 3 main parts, what are these?

A

Ostia(In), osculum(out), and spongocoel(central cavity)

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8
Q

Phylum Porifera has what type of symmetry?

A

Asymmetrical

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9
Q

A large central cavity of sponges

A

Spongocoel

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10
Q

Tiny pores in sponges

A

ostia

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11
Q

Exit of a sponge

A

Osculum

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12
Q

Each of the small needlelike or sharp-pointed structure of calcute or silica that make uo the skeleton of a sponce

A

Spicules

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13
Q

Different sizes of a spicule

A

Megascleres and microscleres

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14
Q

Different shapes of spicule

A

Demospongiae, Sclerospongiae, Calcera, Hexactinellida

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15
Q

Most diverse type of spicule shape. Made of spongin (a protein) or silica (a mineral) or both

A

Demospongiae

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16
Q

Soft body covered in skeleton made of calcium carbonate, either aragonite or calcite

A

Sclerospongiae

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17
Q

Calcareous sponges, characterized by spicules made out of calcium carbonate

A

Calcarea

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18
Q

Glass sponges, spicules are made of silica

A

Hexactinellida

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19
Q

Two life stages of Cnidaria

A

Polyp form and Medusa form

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20
Q

Symmetry of Cnidaria

A

Radial Symmetry

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21
Q

an opening where food and waste exits (in cnidaria)

A

Mouth

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22
Q

Three layers of a Cnidarias body

A

Ectoderm, Endoderm, and Mesoglea

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23
Q

A slender flexible limb or appendage in an animal, especially around the mouth of an invertebrate used for grasping, moving about, or bearing sense organs

A

Tentacle

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24
Q

The space in a Cnidarians body which the food is being digested

A

Gastrovascular cavity

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25
Q

Ectoderm is called the __________ which covers their body

A

Epidermis

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26
Q

Mesoderm is called the _________ which is nonliving, contains water and fluids

A

Mesoglea

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27
Q

This is where the polyp attaches its body to a substrate

A

Basal disc

28
Q

The specialized cells in cnidarians also known as stinging cells

A

Cnidocytes

29
Q

Cnidarians are split into 4 classes

A

Cubozoa, Scyphozoa, Anthozoa, and Hydrozoa

30
Q

Worm Phylas types

A

Platyhelminthes (Flatworms) , Nematoda (Roundworms), Annelid (Segmented worms)

31
Q

A worm whose body is flattened, has definitive head and tail region.

A

Phylum Platyhelminthes

32
Q

A worm with long, smooth, and unsegmented bodies

A

Phylum Nematoda

33
Q

Its body is segmented internally and externally

A

Phylum Annelida

34
Q

Snails. shellfish, ousters, clans, octopus, squids, and cuttlefish are examples of

A

Phylum Mollusca

35
Q

Characteristics of mollusks

A

Body is soft, unsegmented and has strong muscular foot (in snails and shellfish) Shell can be external (in snails and shellfish) or internal (in octopus)

36
Q

sea stars, sea cucumber, sea urchins, brittle stars, and sea lilies are examples of

A

Phylum Echinodermata

37
Q

Its body is covered with a spiny surface, with an internal skeleton inside their body

A

Phylum Echinodermata

38
Q

Classes of Phylum Echinodermata

A

Echinoidea (Sea urchins), Holothuroidea (Sea cucumbers), Crinoidea (Sea lilies), Asteroidea (Sea stars)

39
Q

Insects, crustaceans, spiders, scorpions, millipedes, centipedes are examples of

A

Phylum Arthropoda

40
Q

The largest of the phyla of the kingdom animalia

A

Phylum Arthropoda

41
Q

Classes of Phylum Arthropoda

A

Chelicerata, Myriapoda, Crustacea, Hexapoda

42
Q

Arthropods without jaws

A

Chelicerata

43
Q

Multi-segmented arthropods

A

Myriapoda

44
Q

An arthopod with a segmented body, covered with carapace

A

Crustacea

45
Q

a subclass of arthropods that are divided into two subclasses

A

Hexapoda

46
Q

Two subclasses of hexapoda

A

Apterygota (wingless insects) and Pterygota (winged insects)

47
Q

An arthropod has 3 main parts:

A

Head, Thorax, and Abdomen

48
Q

A part of arthropod with eyes, antennae, and mouthparts

A

Head

49
Q

A part of arthropods with legs and wings

A

Thorax

50
Q

what are the characteristics of a phylum chordata

A

single hollow nerve cord. notocord, pharyngeal slits, post anal tail ,segmentation

51
Q

it differentiates into brain and spinal cord in vertebrates

A

nerve cord

52
Q

flexible rod on the dorsal side of gut, present at one stage in all chordates

A

notocord

53
Q

connect pharynx with outside gills in sharks,

A

pharyngeal slits

54
Q

extends beyond anus; present altleast in embryo; regresses into tailbone in humas

A

postanal tail

55
Q

reflected in arragement of muscles and in vertebral column

A

segmentation

56
Q

most species within this phylum have backbones

A

Phylum Chordata

57
Q

what are the seven main classes of the phylum chordata

A

Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves, and Mammalia

58
Q

this group of animals include sharks and rays

A

class chondrichthyes (kan-drik-thees)

59
Q

this group of animals include the usual marine and freshwater fish

A

class osteichthyes (oste-ich-thees)

60
Q

these group of animals includes salamanders, newts, frogs, toads, and caecilians

A

class amphibia

61
Q

what are the characteristics of amphibians

A

moist, scaless skin and the fact that they are cold blooded

62
Q

this group of animals include alligators crocodiles lizards iguanas chameleons turtles tortoises snakes cobras and vipers

A

reptiles

63
Q

what are the characteristics of a reptile

A

-cold blooded
-ability to regulate their inner body temperature to environment.
-scaly skins with surface cells filled with keratin
-absence of hair or fur

64
Q

this group of animals include flying and nonflying birds

A

aves

65
Q

what are the characteristics of birds

A

feathers that cover their body, wings, lightweight skeleton, endothermic lungs with air sacs, beak

66
Q

what does endothermic mean

A

warm blooded

67
Q

what are the characteristics of mammals

A

contain mammary glands, hair, jaw and ear bones, 4 chambered heart and diaphragm, complex brain functions

Biology 1101 (5 decks)

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