phyics

Question 1

what is energy

Answer 1

energy is the ability to do work or cause change, it exists in the forms kinetic, potential, thermal, chemical, electrical and nuclear among others

Question 2

What type of energy is found in a person running

Answer 2

kinetic energy

Question 3

what type of energy transfers and transformations occur in baking bread

Answer 3

heat energy is transferred from the oven to the bread causing chemical energy in the ingredients to transform not thermal energy, resulting in the bread baking and releasing energy in the form of heat

Question 4

how are gravitional potential energy and mechanical kinetic energy related

Answer 4

gravitational potential energy converts into mechanical kinetic energy as an object falls under the influence of gravity

Question 5

newtons cradle - when one ball was lifted and let go, what happened

Answer 5

energy transfers from one ball to another through collisions, the balls eventually slow down and stop due to friction and air resistance, which convert their kinetic energy into thermal energy and sound energy

Question 6

whats an example of an event where energy would be both transformed and transferred

Answer 6

a light bulb converts electrical energy into light and heat energy, while energy is transferred through the electrical wires

Question 7

provide examples of energy transfer and transformation in your own life

Answer 7

transfer: toasting bread (heat energy from toaster warming up bread)
transformation:eating food (chemical energy in food converted to mechanical kinetic energy for bodily functions)

Question 8

explain gravitional potential energy and mechanical kinetic energy with a person biking down a mountain

Answer 8

as the person descends gravitational potential energy decreases while mechanical kinetic energy increases due to the motion. GPE is at a maximum at the top of the mountain. kinetic energy is at a maximum at the very bottom when the person is going the fastest

Question 9

explain the differences in gravitational potential energy and mechanical kinetic energy at different points on a skateboard ramp

Answer 9

at the top gravitational potential energy is highest, while kinetic energy is lowest. at the bottom kinetic energy is the highest while potential energy is lowest

Question 10

what is the gravitational potential energy and mechanical kinetic energy when standing at the top of a high dive

Answer 10

at the top gravitional potential energy is highest, and kinetic energy is zero

Question 11

what is cellular repsiration and photsynthess? explain why we dont spontanesoulsy combust when our body performs cellular respiration

Answer 11

cellular respiration: process by which cells break down glucose to release energy from the sun into chemical energy ( its a controlled reaction and process in the body)

Question 12

why si radiant energy so important? what would happen if radiant energy from the sun was blocked?

Answer 12

radiant energy drives process like photosynthesis and regulates earths climate. if blocked temperatures would rope, disrupting ecosystems and causing potential extinction events. photosynthesis wouldn’t happen and plants would die, animals that eat the plants would die, etc.

Question 13

advantages and disadvanategs of fossil fuels? where do they come from?

Answer 13

advantages: high energy density, readily available
disadvantages: pollution, finite supply, contribution to climate change
fossil fuels come from the decomposition of organic matter over millions of years

Question 14

explain how a CANDU reactor works

Answer 14

CANDU reactors use heavy water as a moderator and coolant to sustain a nuclear chain reaction, producing heat to generate electricity

Question 15

if you were going to make electrical energy using fusion, how would you go about doing this?

Answer 15

fusion involves combining light atomic nuclei to form heavier nuclei, releasing large amounts of energy. to harness this for electricity, controlled fusion reactions would be conducted in a reactor designed to capture and convert the released energy into electrical power

Question 16

explain fission and fusion. which do you think is a better way to produce electrical energy on earth? why?

Answer 16

fission splits heavy atomic nuclei, while fusion combines light nuclei, fusion offers advantages like abundant fuel (hydrogen isotopes) reduced radioactive waste, and no risk of catastrophic meltdown, making it potentially better for long-term energy production on Earth

Question 17

what part of the eye absorbs light? how does this process work?

Answer 17

the retina absorbs light. light enters the eye, an electron is excited causing conversion into electrical signals for the brain to process and see the image

Question 18

describe advantages of fuel cells. why would you want to use a fuel cell over regular gasoline

Answer 18

advantages of fuel cells include high efficiency, low emissions, and versatility in fuel sources. they offer cleaner energy generation compared to gasoline engines

Question 18

explain a scenario and identify the system and the surroundings in your chosen example

Answer 18

ex. boiling water in a pot, the pot and water constitute the system, while the stove and air around the pot are surroundings

Question 19

explain how a photovoltaic cell works

Answer 19

a photovoltaic cell converts sunlight directly into electricity using the photovoltaic effect. when sunlight strikes the cell’s semiconductor material (usually silicon) they transfer their energy to electrons in the material, causing them to become excited and create an electric current. this current is then captured and used as electrical energy

Question 20

show an energy digram for an exothermic and endothermic reaction. which is absorbing energy and which is releasing energy? how can you tell if something is endothermic or exothermic?

Answer 20

in an exothermic reaction, the energy of the products is lower than the energy of the reactants, and energy is released to the surroundings. conversely in an endothermic reaction, the energy of the products is higher than the energy of reactants, and energy is absorbed from the surroundings. in the energy digram the reactants are typically at a higher energy level than the products in a exothermic reaction, while in endothermic reactions, the opposite is true

Question 21

identify and explain 4 different types of energy found in the photo. what energy transformations and transfers are happening

Answer 21

solar energy: sunlight provides radiant energy
kinetic energy: dog running possess kinetic energy
thermal energy: hot food possess thermal energy

Question 22

examples of transformations

Answer 22

1. radiant energy from the sun is absorbed by objects, converting to thermal energy
   2.throwing the ball gravitational poteential energy to kinetic energy sound energy and thermal energy