PHTLS Chapter 16 Flashcards
More than _____ children are injured annually.
8.5 million
The incidence of blunt (versus penetrating) injury is highest in the _______ population.
pediatric
The ratio between a child’s _____ and body _____ is highest at birth and diminishes throughout infancy and childhood.
body surface area
mass
__________ will be a signal to the child that you are endorsed as a “safe” person.
Parental Engagement
As many as ___% of children who have sustained severe multiple trauma have personality changes.
60
Most pediatric injuries do not cause immediate __________.
exsanguination
It should be assumed that any child who requires more than ______ of solution may be rapidly deteriorating.
20 mL/kg
The intravascular component of one bolus represents _____% of a child’s blood volume.
25
…. preventing a radiographic diagnosis of injury, causing a stretching, contusion, or blunt injury to the spinal cord
SCIWORA
In the absence of trauma, the pediatric patient’s airway is best protected by a slightly superior-anterior position of the midface, known as _________.
sniffing position
In the presence of trauma, the ________ position best protects the cervical spine.
neutral
Because of children’s high body surface area, they are more prone to developing ___________.
hypothermia
Children are more susceptible than adults to acute cardiovascular collapse from a __________.
tension pneumothorax
________ is a late sign of tension pneumothorax and may only be determined by palpating the trachea in the jugular notch.
Tracheal Shift
Indications for analgesia include ______ and _______.
isolated limb injury
suspected spinal fracture
________ is the most common cause of death in the pediatric population
Traumatic Brain Injury
An infant with a bulging _______ should be considered to have a more severe TBI.
fontanelle
The risk of mortality increases with the number of _____ fractured.
ribs
Incomplete (“__________”) fractures are common and may be indicated only by bony tenderness and pain on use of the affected extremity.
greenstick
More than ____% of children younger than 9 years old in structure fires have some degree of smoke-inhalation injury.
50
If possible, the IV line is secured with a __________ through circumferential dressings.
Kerlix Dressing
Each yeah, approximately ____ million children are abused by burning, accounting for ____% of all incidents of child abuse.
1.5
20
Approximately ____% of children admitted to a pediatric burn center are victims of child abuse.
20 - 25
The two most common mechanisms by which these children receive burns are ________ and _________.
scalds
contact burns
