PHRASALS (UNITS 9-12) Flashcards
to make an official request
solicitar algo oficialmente
Put in
He put in an insurance claim after the accident but he got nothing.
1) to write sth down (ESTA DEFINICIÓN ES LA QUE SE TOMA EN EXAMEN)
2) place sth back in the position you keep it in when it is not being used.
3) to kill an animal that is old, sick, or injured, to prevent it from suffering
4) to stop or limit an opposing political event or group
5) to land (aircraft)
6) to make an unkind remark that makes someone seem silly
PUT DOWN
“1) Put down your name and address on this card.
2) Put the phone down and listen to me.
3) There was nothing else to do with the dog, it was so sick we had no option but to put it to down to sleep.
4) Police used tear gas to put the riot down.
5) She put down safely in the corner of the airfield.
6) Tim was trying to put her down saying bad things about her in fron of others to make her look stupid.”
not let sth from the past affect your life now
dejar algo atrás
Put (sth) behind (sb)
It’s over. You need to put it behind you now, and make plans for the future.
He had a bad time in the army but he has put it behind him now.
to save something, usually time or money, for a special purpose
guardar dinero, ponerlo aparte
put aside
I put aside a little every month for a deposit on a house.
to spread (news etc)
PUT ABOUT
COLL:
sb puts about that…
sb puts about sth
EXAMPLES:
Someone had put a rumour about that the regional manager was going to visit the factory.
to convey or communicate (ideas etc) to others
Put across
He’s very good at putting his ideas across.
To believe that sth happened because of sth else.
echarle la culpa / hacer responsable de algo a algo más
to think that a problem or situation is caused by a particular thing
Put down to
He put his failure in the exam down to bad luck.
I put the children’s bad behaviour down to the fact that they were tired.
1) to move sth to the place it was before.
2) to move something to a later time or date
Put back
1) If you use something, put it back!
2) The meeting has been put back to next week.
to make an official request to have or do something
Put in for
I’m putting in for a job at the hospital.
Richard’s finally put in for his driving test.
to make something such as a fire or cigarette stop burning
Put out
Firefighters have been called to put out the fire in the city centre.
to connect a person using a phone to the person they want to speak to
Put sb through
Could you put me through to customer services, please?
to let someone stay in your home for A SHORT PERIOD.
(see difference with “take sb in”)
Put sb up
If you need somewhere to stay, we can put you up for the night.
to accept or continue to accept an unpleasant situation or experience, or someone who behaves unpleasantly
soportar, aguantar algo
Put up with sth
I can put up with the house being messy, but I hate it if it’s not clean.
1) postpone
2) to make somebody dislike somebody/something or not trust them/it
PUT OFF
1) She put him off with the excuse that she had too much work to do.
2) Don’t be put off by how it looks—it tastes delicious.
to do an activity, esp. one that others can watch
Put on
The second graders want to put a play on.
The experience of putting on a campaign was exciting.
1) to suggest something for discussion
2) to suggest yourself/somebody as a candidate for a job or position
Put forward
1) to put forward a suggestion
2) Can I put you/your name forward for club secretary?
To recieve a reaction as a consequence.
To experience sth unpleasant.
Clue: encontrarse con algo (una reacción o algo malo)
meet with
His proposal met with total opposition from the committee.
I heard she’d met with an accident.
to accept a difficult or unpleasant situation
tolerate
live with
It’s a problem she’s going to have to live with.
to start to discuss a new subject during a formal meeting
To pass on to another subject.
move on to
We’d better move on to the housing problem before time runs out,
to write something so that you do not forget it. Record sth.
note down
I noted down the address of the office.
to make a number or list of things smaller, by removing the things that are least important, necessary, or suitable
syn: reduce
narrow sth down
We narrowed the list of candidates down from ten to three.
to live only with sth in particular
get the money needed from
LIVE ON
COLL: live on a budget/a low income/a fixed income
EXAMPLE: Many retired people living on fixed incomes need to estimate what the purchasing power of money will be over long periods in the future.
to be as good as something/ to be as good as expected
live up to
The concert was brilliant - it lived up to all our expectations.
You ought to try and live up to your parents’ expectations
to fail to include someone or something that should be included
miss out
you’ve missed out your address on the form.
Oh, I’m sorry, Tina, I’ve missed you out. What would you like to drink?
to experience sth unpleasant and survive
live through
She lived through two world wars.
to put the pieces of something together
to create a picture of
piece together
They tried to piece together the fragments of the broken vase.
to ignore or overlook
pass over
They passed him over for promotion in favour of a younger man
to remove or stop using something gradually or in stages
to gradually stop using something
phase out
The airlines are phasing out any aircraft that is more than 20 years old.
New automated machinery in factories has led to the phasing out of old production methods.
To give somebody else your position of power or the responsibility for something
to give something/somebody officially or formally to another person.
HAND OVER (Page 138, ex. 5)
We were ordered to hand over our passports.
She resigned and handed over to one of her younger colleagues.
He handed over a cheque for $200 000.
They handed the weapons over to the police.
to try to defeat and change a government
rise up
to rise up against sb/sth
to be responsible for or to take care of somebody/something/yourself
look after
“Who’s going to look after the children while you’re away?
I’m looking after his affairs while he’s in hospital.”
to think about something in the past
look back
“to look back on your childhood
The look back at the 1970s as the good old days.”
to think that you are better than somebody
look down on sb
She looks down on people who haven’t been to college.
to take care of somebody and make sure nothing bad happens to them
look out for
This firm looks out for employees who have initiative.
To investigate sth
look into
The police are looking into the matter and hoping to find a solution soon.
to admire or respect somebody
look up to
to examine a place
to examine something to see how good, big, etc. it is
look over
We looked over the house again before we decided we would rent it.
when a room has a view onto a place
look onto
All the hotel rooms look onto the beach.
used to warn somebody to be careful, especially when there is danger
look out
Look out! There’s a car coming.
to watch something without becoming involved in it yourself
look on
Passers-by simply looked on as he was attacked.
(formal) to rely on or expect somebody to provide something or do something
look to sb
COLL: look to somebody for something | look to somebody to do something
EX: We are looking to you for help.
to hope for something; to expect something
look for
We shall be looking for an improvement in your work this term.
1) (informal) (of business, somebody’s situation, etc.) to become better. SYNONYM improve
2) to raise your eyes when you are looking down at something
3) [no passive] (informal) to visit or make contact with somebody, especially when you have not seen them for a long time
4) to look for information in a dictionary or reference book, or by using a computer
look up
1) At last things were beginning to look up.
2) She looked up from her book as I entered the room.
3) Do look me up the next time you’re in London.
4) I looked it up in the dictionary.
to examine something closely
look at
I haven’t had time to look at (= read) the papers yet.
to think about what is going to happen in the future
look ahead
Have you looked ahead at what you’ll be doing in the next 2 years?
(informal) to make somebody believe something that is not true, especially that you love them or find them attractive
lead on
She was led on by his flattery but soon she discovered how insencere he was.
to state that something is not possible or that somebody/something is not suitable
SYNONYM exclude
rule out
Police have not ruled out the possibility that the man was murdered.
1) to see, hear, or understand something or someone with difficulty
2) to say sth is true when it is not.
3) (with somebody) (North American English, informal) to kiss and touch somebody in a sexual way; to have sex with somebody
4) (informal) used to ask if somebody managed well or was successful in a particular situation
5) to write out or complete a form or document
6) to manage to see somebody/something or read or hear something
make out
1) can you make out the meaning of this passage?
2) She’s not as rich as people make out. — He made out that he had been robbed.
3) they made out in the back of the car.
4) How did he make out while his wife was away?
5) When you make out the cheque, please make it payable to Mr R. Smith.
6) I can’t manage to make out who is in the room, as it is too dark.
to move towards something
make for
When they heard the fire alarm, the audience made for the exit.
to steal something and hurry away with it
make off with
Thieves made off with $30 000 worth of computer equipment.
1) to complete a number or an amount required
2) to form something - SYN: constitute
3) to invent a story, etc., especially in order to trick or entertain somebody
4) to end an argument with somebody and become friends again
5) to put powder, lipstick, etc. on your/somebody’s face to make it more attractive or to prepare for an appearance in the theatre, on television, etc.
make up
1) the boss asked her to make up the hours she missed last week
2)the committee is made up of twelve members.
3) He made up some excuse about his daughter being sick.
4) After not speaking for several days, they finally made it up.
5) She never goes out of the house without first making up her face
to do something for somebody or give them something because you have disappointed them or caused them trouble and wish to show that you are sorry
SYNONYM compensate
make up for
“How can I make up for the way I’ve treated you?
(informal) I’ll make it up to you, I promise.”
to change somebody/something into somebody/something
syn: turn somebody/something (from something) into something
make into
We’re making our attic into an extra bedroom.
1) to legally give something to somebody
2) to change something in order to make it look different or use it for a different purpose; to give somebody a different appearance by changing their clothes, hair, etc. - SYN: to transform
make over sth to sb
1) He made over the property to his eldest son.
2) let’s make over this house
to persuade someone NOT to do something
Talk sb out
(pág 153)
Her parents tried to talk her out of getting engaged.
to persuade someone to do something
Talk sb into
to offer your help, services, etc.
Come forward (pág 155)
No witnesses to the accident have come forward yet, despite the police appeal.
withdraw from sth.
to choose not to be part of an activity or to stop being involved in it
opt out
It’s possible to opt out of the pension scheme if you do not wish to participate
“admit/confess.
to admit that you have done something wrong”
own up
No one has owned up to stealing the money.
syn: extinguir
to cause not to exist any more
Wipe out (pág 158)
Polar bears could be wiped out by global warming.
to criticize somebody/something in an unkind way
criticar a alguien
Run down
COLL:
run down sb
run sb down
EXAMPLES:
He’s always running down his boss although she actually treats him well.
He’s always running her down in front of other people.
1) to copy something on a machine
2) (British English) (of a liquid) to flow out of a container
1) hacer copias / fotocopiar
2) desbordar (líquido)
Run off
1) Could you run off twenty copies of the agenda?
2) the water ran off the container
to get (a new engine etc) working properly
RUN IN
You’d better run in your new car before you drive it on the motorway.
(informal) to meet somebody by chance
Run into sb
(informal) to meet somebody by chance
Used completely so that nothing is left
Run out
COLL: run out of sth
EXAMPLE: We’ve run out of coffee. Could you go and buy some?
to crash into somebody/something
Run into sth/sb
The bus went out of control and ran into a line of people.
to run to try to catch somebody/something
Run after
He ran after the boy, but didn’t manage to catch him.
to allow a bill, debt, etc. to reach a large total
syn: accumulate
Run up
He run up debts amounting to millions of dollars last year.
How had he managed to run up so many debts?
1) to leave somebody/a place suddenly; to escape from somebody/a place
2) to leave home, your husband, wife, etc. in order to have a relationship with another person
Run away
1) He ran away from home at the age of thirteen.
2) He ran away with the next-door neighbour.
(of a vehicle or its driver) to knock a person or an animal down and drive over their body or a part of it.
Run over
Two children were run over and killed.
to discuss, repeat or read something quickly
Run through
He ran through the names on the list.
Could we run through your proposals once again?
Let’srun through the scene from the play again.
1) to leave home, your husband, wife, etc. in order to have a relationship with another person
2) to believe something that is not true
Run away with
1) He ran away with the next-door neighbour.
2) Don’t run away with the idea that you can come home at whatever time you like!
to arrive and/or leave later than the time that is expected.
Run behind (schedule)
I’m running behind schedule today!
to experience a difficulty
Run up against
COLL: run up against a problem.
EXAMPLE:
The government is running up against considerable opposition to its tax reforms.
Everything was going smoothly until we ran up against the problem of lack of funding.
Phrasal verb into an adjective: in poor condition
Run down
Since the recession, more and more towns have become run down.
Phrasal verb into an noun: Detailed account
Run-down
The financial analyst was given a run-down of the company’s situation.
Phrasal verb into an adjective:
out of control. (of an animal or a vehicle) not under the control of its owner, rider or driver
(of a person) having left without telling anyone
runaway
a runaway horse/car
a runaway winner/victory
runaway inflation
runaway children
The runaway horse created chaos as it galloped through the busy streets.
Make arrangements for.
To deal with something
See about
I must see about (= prepare) lunch.
I’ll have to see about getting that roof repaired.
1) Accompany a traveller to his/her train, etc.
to go to a station, an airport, etc. to say goodbye to somebody who is starting a journey.
2) (British English) to force somebody to leave a place, for example by threatening them or running after them
See off
1) The children were seen off at the station by the entire family.
2) The dogs saw them off in no time.
Accompany sb to an exit
See out
I’ll see you out to the garden gate.
Inspect property.
(British English) to visit and look at a place carefully
See over
We need to see over the house before we can make you an offer.
1) To realize the truth about somebody/something
2) support sb through a difficult time. To give help or support to somebody for a particular period of time. (see difference with “carry sb through”)
See through
1) He said he would make me a rich man, but I saw through him immediately.
2) He saw his best friend through his divorce.
Take care of. To deal with something.
See to
Don’t worry—I’ll see to it.
We’ll have to get that door seen to (= repaired).
to start to have a quieter way of life, living in one place
Settle down
When are you going to get married and settle down?
Accept sth, less than expected.
To accept something that is not exactly what you want but is the best that is available
conformarse con
Settle for
I couldn’t afford the house I really wanted, so I had to settle for second best.
Decide on. To choose or make a decision about something after thinking about it
Settle on
Have you settled on a name for the baby yet?
to start to feel comfortable in a new home, job, etc.
Settle in/into
How are the kids settling into their new school?
You’ll soon settle into a routine.
It’s not always easy for a new player to settle in.
pay (a debt, a bill, etc)
Settle up
Let’s settle up with the waiter now.
Excuse me, I wanna settle up the bill now.
introduce gradually
Phase in
New technology is being phased in at work.
mount up
Pile up
Since I broke my leg last week the housework has just been piling up I’m afraid.
1) to go straight from one side of an area to another instead of going around. atravesar, tomar un atajo.
2) to include several things that usually are separated from each other. Incluir (varias partes separadas)
Cut across (pág. 175, ex. 5)
1)If we cut across the field, it’ll save time.
2) Iron deficiency in women cuts across all socioeconomic levels.
(formal) to say that you believe that somebody will behave well and that you will be responsible for their actions.
(según Oxford Dictionary, Merriam-Webster y Collins)
Vouch for (Pág 177, ex. 10)
Are you willing to vouch for him?
I can vouch for Sandra’s integrity, so I recommend we include her in our discussions.
begin (of a period, usually bad). (of rain, bad weather, infection, etc.) to begin and seem likely to continue.
set in
“The rain seemed to have set in for the day.
We’d better have central heating installed before winter sets in.”
cost sb a lot of money
Set sb back (informal)
A wedding reception for 200 people will certainly set you back thousands!
1) begin a journey = set out
2) start a reaction
Set off
1) They set off for their destination at 5 o’clock in the morning.
2) His jokes set the whole class off laughing.
1) to create something or start it.
2) to start a process or a series of events. to start running a business
3) to build something or put something somewhere
4) to make a piece of equipment or a machine ready for use
Set up
1) to set up a business
A fund will be set up for the dead men’s families.
2) She took out a bank loan and set up on her own.
3) The police set up roadblocks on routes out of the city.
The town council has decided to set up a memorial to the princess.
4) She set up her guitar and amp in her bedroom.
to delay the progress of something/somebody by a particular time. To hinder the process of sth
Set back
A fire in the factory set production back by several weeks.
“1) to leave a place and begin a journey = set off
2) to begin a job, task, etc. with a particular aim or goal”
Set out
1) They set out on the last stage of their journey.
2) She set out to become a dancer but an injury prevented her from fulfilling her ambition.
1) to save or keep money, time, land, etc. for a particular purpose
2) to not consider something, because other things are more important. Synonyms: disregard, put aside.
Set aside
1) She tries to set aside some money every month.
2) Let’s set aside my personal feelings for now.
[no passive] to start doing something. To begin.
Set about
She set about the business of cleaning the house.
We need to set about finding a solution.
cause an animal to attack sb
Set an animal on sb
He threatened to set the dogs on us if we didn’t get off his property.
1) remain loyal to sb
2) do nothing to stop a bad situation
3) be ready for action
Stand by
1) I’ll stand by Ryan, no matter what people say about him.
2) How can you stand by and watch him mistreat the children like that?
3) The police stood by in case trouble broke out after the football match.
to leave a job or position. To resign from a position.
Stand down
The President was forced to stand down due to his involvement in the scandal.
1) to be an abbreviation or symbol of something. To mean / symbolize sth
2) to support or represent something
3) tolerate
4) enter oneself for election
Stand for
1) ‘The book’s by T.C. Smith.’ ‘What does the ‘T.C.’ stand for?’
The letters MP stand for Member of Parliament.
2) I hated the organization and all it stood for (= the ideas that it supported).
3) Nobody would stand for that sort of behaviour for a minute.
4) His grandfather once stood for Parliament, ut he only got 56 votes.
to replace temporarily. to take somebody’s place
stand in for
My assistant will stand in for me while I’m away.
to be much better or more important than somebody/something, to be easily seen or noticed
Stand out
Four points stand out as being more important than the rest.
The lettering stood out well against the dark background.
She’s the sort of person who stands out in a crowd.
to support or defend somebody/something
Stand up for
“Always stand up for your friends.
You must stand up for your rights.
She had learnt to stand up for herself.”
to resist somebody; to not accept bad treatment from somebody without complaining. To defend oneself against sth/sb
Stand up to
It was brave of her to stand up to those bullies.
