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Lengua Inglesa 4 - CPE > IDIOMS - (UNITS 5 to 8) > Flashcards

IDIOMS - (UNITS 5 to 8) Flashcards

1
Q

live quietly, privately

A

keep oneself to oneself

although she enjoys an occasional evening out with friends, as a general rule she keeps herself to herself.

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2
Q

confused state of affairs.

A real mess.

A

Fine kettle of fish

The tap is dripping, the bath’s overflowing, the plumber’s on holiday; what a fine fettle of fish this is!

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2
Q

have a sudden, great success/profit

Clue: kill

A

Make a killing

Starting with only a few thousand pounds, Tom made a killing on the stock.

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3
Q

destroy/humble

Clue: knee

A

Bring to one’s knees

The bottom’s gonna drop out from under our feet
I’ll catch you, I’ll catch you
When people say things that bring you to your knees
I’ll catch you. (Taylor Swift - Jump, then fall) ♥

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4
Q

well-informed

A

In the know

If you want to know about the new film you should ask someone who is in the know like a critic

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5
Q

tease or trick sb

Clue: leg

A

pull sb’s leg

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6
Q

HOPE that sth will turn out well

A

Keep one’s fingers crossed

She kept her fingers crossed all the time they were announcing the winners of the contest, hoping that her brother would get a prize.

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7
Q

earn money

A

make/earn a/one’s living

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8
Q

be sound asleep

A

sleep like a dog

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9
Q

the biggest part/portion

pista: “lion”

A

the lion’s share

ex:
Once a story has been inserted into public discussion, the incentives of media actors follow a familiar logic: Because journalists believe that certain kinds of stories are more likely to gain valuable and limited audience attention than others, they must respond when other journalists produce stories likely to garner the lion’s share of attention because of their salacious or dramatic elements.

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10
Q

make a new start

pista: leaf

A

turn over a new leaf

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11
Q

honest/sincere

A

on the level

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12
Q

send sb a letter/email

A

drop sb a line

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13
Q

do anything necessary to get sth you want

A

go to any lengths

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14
Q

give new/further information

A

SHED LIGHT UPON

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15
Q

treat sth as unimportant

A

MAKE LIGHT OF

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16
Q

avoid or ignore reality/responsibility

A

bury one’s head in the sand

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17
Q

reach a critical point

A

COME TO A HEAD

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18
Q

come to an agreement/compromise

Clue: meet

A

meet (sb) halfway

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19
Q

relax and enjoy yourself

Clue: hair

A

let your hair down

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20
Q

sth is sold at auction

A

come under the hammer

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21
Q

acquire or lose a lot of money very quickly

A

to MAKE/LOSE money HAND OVER FIST

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22
Q

allow sb to do as they wish

A

give sh a free hand

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23
Q

(know sth) without asking or looking it up

A

(know sth) off-hand

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24
Q

admire sb and think they deserve praise

A

have to hand it to sb

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25
Q

keep out of danger

A

keep out of harm’s way

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26
Q

not to understand sth at all

Clue: tail

A

not to make head (n)or tail of sth

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26
Q

lose your temper very suddenly

Clue: fly

A

fly off the handle

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27
Q

be willing/happy to do sth quickly.

Clue: hat

A

(do sth) at the drop of a hat

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28
Q

make progress

Clue: head

A

make headway

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29
Q

feel encouraged by or optimistic about sth

Clue: ♥

A

take heart from sth

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30
Q

do sth very badly

Clue: hash

A

make a hash of sth (informal)

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31
Q

(do) as much or as often as one wants

Clue: ♥

A

to one’s heart’s content

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32
Q

(of situation) be accepted as real even though it is painful/achieve the intended effect.

to become very clear and obvious in usually a forceful or unpleasant way.

Clue: home

A

strike/hit home

The truth about their marriage finally hit home.

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33
Q

outside regular business hours

A

after hours

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34
Q

to fire sb

A

give sb the sack (page 108)

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35
Q

go to bed early

A

have an early night

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35
Q

person who enjoys staying up late

A

a night owl

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36
Q

briefly, in a few words

A

in a nutshell

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37
Q

be the best.

Clue: “2nd” (X)

A

be second to none

That pianist is second to none in his interpretation of Mozart’s music

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38
Q

say exactly the right thing

A

hit the nail on the head

You hit the nail on the head when you called him the slowest worker on earth. I’ve never seen anyone do so little.

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39
Q

lose courage

A

lose one’s nerve

He was planning to ask his boss for a rise, but when it came to it he lost his nerve.

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40
Q

invalid/not legally binding

A

null and void

The contract was declared null and void when it was found that one of the parties had been forced to sign.

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41
Q

everywhere

Clue: rincón

A

EVERY NOOK AND CRANNY

(Nook: rincón. Cranny: grieta) En cada rincón y en cada grieta.

She cleaned every nook and cranny of the house before she was satisfied that it was spotless.

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42
Q

become famous / respected for sth

A

make a name for oneself

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43
Q

irritate / annoy sb

A

get on one’s nerves

Endless telephone calls in the evening get on my nerves.

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44
Q

for a long time/ throughout history

Clue: time

A

from/since time immemorial

Those stones have been here since time immemorial

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45
Q

make things even worse.

Clue: insult.

A

ADD INSULT TO INJURY.

I can see you starin’, honey
Like he’s just your understudy
Like you’d get your knuckles bloody for me.
Second, third, and hundredth chances,
Balancin’ on breaking branches,
Those eyes add insult to injury.
(Taylor Swift - Exile) - acá somos Swifties, sorry not sorry.

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46
Q

be the first person to act

A

take the initiative

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47
Q

Definición del CPE: affect sth negatively or destructively.

Definición de youtube: make progress.

Definición de Longman: to have an important effect or influence on something, especially by taking something away from it.

Definición de Collins: One thing AFFECTS/DESTROYS the second thing.

Clue: inroad (meaning: hostile advance)

A

MAKE INROADS INTO

Being out of work for so long has made inroads into the money he was keeping for a rainy day.

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48
Q

CPE: practically/in effect.

Oxford’s dictionary: in all important respects.

Cambridge: in all the most important ways.

Clue: Intent.

A

TO ALL INTENTS AND PURPOSES

Greg has, to all intents and purposes, finished his degree course, with the exception of his final dissertation.

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49
Q

in order to achieve a certain aim.

Clue: interest

A

in the interests of

Students are requested in the interests of hygiene, not to bring food into the lecture hall.

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50
Q

in the meantime

A

in the interim

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51
Q

disagree and start arguing.

Clue: issue

A

take issue with sb

Alan took issue with his daughter over her coming home from the party in the early hours of the morning.

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52
Q

have a strong desire to travel

A

have/get itchy feet

Always having had itchy feet, Delia is off again, backpacking round India.

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53
Q

be in danger

A

be in jeopardy

Not wearing a seatbelt in the car can put your life in jeopardy

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54
Q

Quickly.

A

in a jiffy.

(Jiffy: momentito, segundito)

This shoe repairer is so quick that he can sole and heel your shoes in a jiffy.

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55
Q

make one remember sth

Clue: jog.

A

jog one’s memory

In an effort to jog her memory Jo was shown pictures of the place where she was found.

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56
Q

extremely pleased or happy

A

jump for joy

The delighted children jumped for joy when they heard they were going camping.

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57
Q

postpone giving an opinion before more is known

A

reserve judgement on sb/sth

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58
Q

reproduce sb/sth accurately and show how good they are.

Definición de Cambridge: to treat someone or something in a way that is fair and shows their or its true qualities.

A

do sb/sth justice

I don’t think Julia’s wedding photos do her justice. I think she looked much more attractive on her wedding day.

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59
Q

unfair or unjust treatment

A

rough justice

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60
Q

working or progressing steadily, to regulate sth.

Clue: una parte del bote, que en realidad es asimétrica, forma parte de este idiom.

A

(be) on an even keel

After an operation you don’t fully recover for a while so you shouldn’t expect to feel on an even keel for a few weeks.

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61
Q

situation where nobody knows what will happen next / extremely exciting.

Clule: edge.

A

on a knife-edge

We were all on a knife-edge until the very end of the Hitchcock film.

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62
Q

impress sb greatly.

A

knock sb dead

Cinema-goers and critics alike were knocked dead by the special effects in James Cameron’s “Avatar”.

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63
Q

get confused.

Clue: enredarse.

A

tie oneself in knots

I always tie myself in knots when speaking in public.

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64
Q

confidently (because a prior condition has been met).

Clue: safe.

A

safe in the knowledge

Enjoy your “Sunway” cruise safe in the knowledge that everything has been taken care of.

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64
Q

despite difficulties

A

against all odds

Against all odds, he won the national song contest and became quite well-known.

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65
Q

be dismissed from one’s job

A

get the sack

John got the sack because he was always arriving late to work.

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66
Q

likely to happen.

Clue: off

A

in the offing

I’m afraid a recession is in the offing. It will happen anyways.

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67
Q

possession thought to show sb’s high social rank, wealth, etc

A

status symbol

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67
Q

useless/unwanted possession

A

white elephant

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67
Q

for the last time

A

once and for all

Once and for all, sit down and be quiet or i’ll send you out!

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68
Q

brief but pleasant (usually ironic)

A

SHORT AND SWEET

Let’s keep it short and sweet. Just tell me what you want and then leave.

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69
Q

(of secrets) revealed, known

A

out in the open

Now that the scandal is out in the open, the Minister will have to resign.

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70
Q

the best chance to gain sth

A

golden opportunity

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71
Q

complete, total

A

out and out

what he promissed was impossible, he was an out and out liar.

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72
Q

in the presence of other people

A

IN PUBLIC

I always find it embarrassing when people argue in public.

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73
Q

misunderstand completely what has been said.

Clue: stick.

Es una manera muy fina de decir: “entender como el culo todo lo que el otro dijo”.

A

get the wrong end of the stick

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73
Q

dismantle sth/ things.
to separate something into smaller parts

A

take things to pieces

Being a car mechanic, John likes taking engines to pieces.

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74
Q

bribe sb

A

grease sb’s palm

When the traffic warden gave me a parking ticket, I tried to grease his palm which only got me into more trouble.

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74
Q

growing old/not at your best

A

past one’s prime

74
Q

(of books) not available anymore

A

out of print

The book was published in the 1960s and is now out of print.

75
Q

reach the main point of discussion

A

come to the point

I wish he’d come to the point and stop wasting everyone’s time.

76
Q

lacking practice

A

be out of practice

I’d love a game of tennis even though I’m out of practice.

77
Q

irrelevant.

Clue: point.

A

beside the point

Since we were discussing unemployment, his comment about football was totally beside the point.

78
Q

make a proposal of marriage

A

pop the question

My husband popped the question on Valentine’s Day in 2005.

78
Q

basic part of

A

part and parcel of

Doing the washing-up is part and parcel of living independently.

79
Q

from a bad situation to a worse/similar one

A

out of the frying pan into the fire

Moving from that house to this one was a case of out of the frying pan into the fire. It’s much worse here.

80
Q

a difficult fact to accept

A

a bitter pill to swallow

Failing the exam after so much hard work was a bitter pill to swallow.

81
Q

become clear

A

fall into place

Everything fell into place at the end of the film.

82
Q

to a great extent / generally

A

by and large

83
Q

in weak or poor condition / needing replacement

A

on its last legs (inf)

83
Q

exaggerated

A

larger than life

84
Q

exaggerate

A

lay it on thick (informal)

85
Q

make sb ill or weak, confine them to bed.
(often in passive voice)

Cuando, por ejemplo una enfermedad, te tira abajo.

A

lay sb low

She was laid low by a gastroenteritis.

86
Q

improve / increase very rapidly

A

improve by/in leaps and bounds

87
Q

take a long time to to / do sth in great detail

A

do sth at length

88
Q

follow (e.g. instructions) exactly without question

A

follow / obey to the letter

89
Q

sincere, truthful

A

on the level (informal)

90
Q

treat sth as though it is not serious when in fact it is

A

make light of sth

91
Q

make sb/sth comply with a standard/behaviour

A

bring into line with

92
Q

refuse to do/tolerate sth

A

draw the line

93
Q

risk, endanger

A

put sth on the line (informal)

94
Q

have no effect on sb/not to be understood by sb

A

be lost on sb

95
Q

by no means/for no reason

A

not for love nor money

96
Q

whether you like it or not

A

like it or lump it (inf)

96
Q

abandon/let sb down

A

leave sb in the lurch (inf)

96
Q

looks very much like someone

A

the spitting image

97
Q

feel discouraged/depressed

A

look down in the mouth

he’s been looking down in the mouth ever since he heard he’d failed all his exams.

97
Q

make sth almost impossible happen

A

work a miracle

the surgeon seemed to have worked a miracle when he succeeded in separating the Siamese twins.

97
Q

hurry up

A

get a move on

Would you get a move on? we’ve only hald an hour before the bus leaves

98
Q

forget about sth

A

slip one’s mind

I know you told me about the meeting, but it completely slipped my mind

99
Q

take advantage of favourable circumstances. make the most of a favourable situation while it lasts.

A

Make hay while the sun shines

Life is short, so make hay while the sun shines.

100
Q

pretend that sb had said sth that they hadn’t actually said

A

Put words into one’s mouth

He put words into my mouth when he said I was willing to help. I simply haven’t got the time to.

101
Q

grieve over sth that can’t be put right

A

cry over spilt milk

It’s no good crying over spilt milk so just get on with your life

102
Q

occur to one/have a sudden idea

A

cross one’s mind

It never crossed my mind that she might be offended by what i said

102
Q

give permission to proceed with sth

A

give the green light to sth/sb

The Mayor gave the green light to the builder to construct a new shopping center on the outskirts of town

103
Q

Proverbs page 114 (unit 7):
it’s impossible for one to change their character, even if they will try very hard.

Clue: Leopard

A

a leopard never changes its spots

104
Q

Proverbs page 114 (unit 7):
people sometimes misbehave when no one is there to watch them

A

when the cat’s away, the mice will play

104
Q

Proverbs page 114 (unit 7):
To tell the truth for the sake of being honest and upright, even though doing so may not be to one’s personal advantage.

A

tell the truth and shame the devil

104
Q

Proverbs page 114 (unit 7):
the real value of something can be judged only from practical experience or results and not from appearance or theory.

A

the proof of the pudding is in the eating

105
Q

Proverbs page 114 (unit 7):
you shouldn’t criticize others when you have similar faults of your own.

A

People who live in glass houses shouldn’t throw stones

106
Q

Proverbs page 114 (unit 7):
you shouldn’t act without first considering the possible consequences or dangers.

A

look before you leap

107
Q

Proverbs page 114 (unit 7):
you can’t expect to achieve anything if you never take any risks.

A

nothing ventured, nothing gained

108
Q

Proverbs page 114 (unit 7):
What is good for one person may be bad for another; what is pleasant to one person may be unpleasant to another.

A

one man’s meat is another man’s poison

109
Q

Proverbs page 114 (unit 7):
people of the same sort or with the same tastes and interests will be found together.

A

birds of a feather flock together

110
Q

have/hold a party

A

throw a party

it’s traditional to throw a party when you move house.

111
Q

to be unable to decide about something

A

Be in two minds (about sth)

I was in two minds whether or not to come this morning

112
Q

very easy to hear

Clue: it’s a comparison

A

As clear as a bell

Clear as a bell, from the back of the theatre came a child’s voice saying, “I want to go home”.

113
Q

used as a way of describing a person you see, and are surprised to see, in a particular place

Clue: it’s a comparison

A

As large as life

I looked up from my newspaper and there he was, as large as life, Tim Trotter!

114
Q

to be full of energy and enthusiasm

Clue: it’s a comparison. “fresh”

A

as fresh as a daisy

After a good night’s sleep I’ll be as fresh as a daisy.

115
Q

sb extremely tough and aggressive, either physically or in their attitude towards other people or other situations.

Clue: it’s a comparison.
“hard”

A

as hard as nails

I thought she was as hard as nails when I met her.

116
Q

to be very close friends and share secrets, etc.

Clue: it’s a comparison

A

as thick as thieves

I’m sure she tells Ruth everything we say - they’re as thick as thieves, those two.

117
Q

to be very heavy
pesado como el plomo

Clue: it’s a comparison

A

as heavy as lead

118
Q

extremely stubborn.

Clue: it’s a comparison

A

as stubborn as a mule

Ah, she’s as stubborn as a mule. You might as well give her what she wants.

119
Q

“very strongly built or well supported and not likely to break or fall
to be very strong”

Clue: it’s a comparison

A

as steady as a rock

I always thought their marriage was solid as a rock.

120
Q

to forget things very easily.

tengo una memoria como un colador

Clue: it’s a comparison

A

have a memory like a sieve

121
Q

to like each other very much and become friends very quickly

Clue: house

A

get on like a house on fire

I was worried that they wouldn’t like each other but in fact they’re getting on like a house on fire.

122
Q

to punish someone very quickly and severely

Clue: bricks

A

go/come down on sb like a ton of bricks

Do that once more and I’ll come down on you like a ton of bricks!

123
Q

to be the perfect size and shape for someone. Sth fits perfectly.

A

fits like a glove

I love these pants because they fit like a glove and they’re so comfortable.

124
Q

to always eat a lot of food

A

eats like a horse

She’s so thin, yet she eats like a horse.

125
Q

completely safe.

A

as safe as houses

126
Q

to quickly affect or become known by more and more people

A

spread like wildfire

Once one child in the school has the infection, it spreads like wildfire.

127
Q

very guilty, miserable, or ugly

A

as guilty/miserable/ugly as sin.

EJEMPLO:
What if he’s written ‘mine’ on my upper thigh
Only in my mind?
One slip and falling back into the hedge maze
Oh what a way to die
I keep recalling things we never did
Messy top lip kiss
How I long for our trysts
Without ever touching his skin
How can I be guilty as sin?

Taylor Swift - Guilty as sin

128
Q

to be very obvious.

Clue: It’s a comparison. “plain”

A

be (as) plain as the nose on your face

He’s not happy here - that’s as plain as the nose on your face.

129
Q

very old

A

as old as the hills

My grandfather seemed as old as the hills to me.

130
Q

very light

A

as light as a feather

131
Q

very eager and interested in everything

A

as keen as mustard

132
Q

To be very pleased.

Clue: it’s a comparison.

A

as pleased as punch

very pleased

133
Q

(of a child) to behave very well

A

as good as gold

She’s been as good as gold all morning.

134
Q

very kind and calm

Clue: it’s a comparison. “Gentle”

A

as gentle as a lamb

Brian was as gentle as a lamb and wouldn’t hurt anyone.

135
Q

to be very healthy and strong

A

as fit as a fiddle

My grandmother’s 89, but she’s as fit as a fiddle.

136
Q

to be very boring

A

as dull as ditchwater

Before she arrived, the party was as dull as ditchwater.

137
Q

Brains, intellect. This expression refers to actual brain tissue that is gray in color. Agatha Christie’s fictional detective, Hercule Poirot, constantly alludes to using the little gray cells for solving a crime.

A

Grey matter

138
Q

to have very good and detailed knowledge of something
como la palma de la mano

A

Like the back of one’s hand

139
Q

wait a moment.

A

hold one’s horses

140
Q

make someone conceited
make someone arrogant

A

go to one’s head

141
Q

to help someone do something

A

lend sb a hand

142
Q

have as much work as one can do.

A

have one’s hands full

143
Q

become discouraged.

A

lose heart

144
Q

In extremely close relationship or agreement.

A

hand in glove with

145
Q

run away.

A

take to one’s heels

146
Q

to keep (something) secret : to not tell anyone about (something)

A

Keep things under one’s hat

147
Q

you heard the information from someone who has personal knowledge on the spoken matter.

A

straight from the horse’s mouth

148
Q

to have a lot of free time and not know what to do with it

A

have so much time on one’s hands

148
Q

without preparation.

A

off the cuff

149
Q

be very alarmed or apprehensive.

A

have one’s heart in one’s mouth

150
Q

turn out to be useful.

A

come in handy

151
Q

it means that a particular effort is futile, being a waste of time without a positive outcome

A

flogging a dead horse

152
Q

to become difficult to control

A

get out of hand

152
Q

to learn how to do something, especially if it is not obvious or simple

A

get the hang of it

153
Q

to think about sth (for example, a joke or criticism) seriously, often because it upsets you

A

take sth to heart

153
Q

a person who keeps their interests and ideas secret, especially someone who has a surprising ability or skill

A

a bit of a dark horse

153
Q

to make large profits or to become rich

A

strike gold

154
Q

To remove the tension at a first meeting, at the opening of a party, etc

A

Break the ice

155
Q

the small perceptible part of a much larger situation or problem that remains hidden.

A

The tip of the iceberg

156
Q

uncomfortable or embarrassed. Uneasy

A

ill at ease

156
Q

to be involved in many activities or commitments at the same time.

A

have many irons in the fire

157
Q

all the details

A

the ins and outs

158
Q

the pressure to “keep up” with your neighbor’s social status, wealth, or popularity. “

clue: el programa de las Kardashians, ahre

A

keep up with the Joneses

158
Q

to be going to be punished for something you have done wrong.

A

be in for the high jump

158
Q

to have difficulty

A

have a job

159
Q

Suffer the consequences of one’s actions

A

stew in one’s own juice

159
Q

“very quickly or suddenly.
used to say that something happens very quickly”

Clue: Jack

A

Before you can say Jack Robinson

160
Q

make progress/become more popular

A

Gain ground

161
Q

to use an opponent’s tactics/methods to defeat them

Clue: game

A

Beat sb AT their own game (informal)

162
Q

inadvertently reveal something secret or your own feelings

A

give the game away

163
Q

try to improve what is already beautiful or excellent.

To embellish sth unnecessarily

A

gild the lily

163
Q

“issue a challenge.
challenge sb”

A

throw down the gauntlet

164
Q

to have a lot of things in your favour

A

have a lot going for you

164
Q

be exactly the right size; fit perfectly.

A

fit like a glove

165
Q

unfairly alter the conditions or rules of a procedure during its course.

A

move the goalposts

166
Q

very nearly/ almost

“por poco…”

A

as good as

“the editor as good as told him he was lucky to get £50 a week”

167
Q

available to anyone who is interested.
Al alcance.

A

UP for grabs (informal)

168
Q

to make an effort to understand and deal with a problem or situation. Consider sth seriously and start to take action.

A

come/get to grips with

168
Q

do something foolish which causes one’s downfall. Cause one’s own failure.

Clue: dig.

A

dig one’s own grave

169
Q

gradually slow down or lose momentum and then stop altogether.

A

grind to a halt

170
Q

start. despegarse del suelo, comenzar

A

get off the ground

171
Q

to suddenly fail in what you are doing, often because you have an accident. Be unsuccessful.

clue: grief

A

Come to grief

The Italian champion was in second position when he came to grief on the third lap.

172
Q

forever; definitively, permanently

A

For good

172
Q

having some success with sth

A

make a go of it/sth

173
Q

“refuse to compromise or change, despite criticism.
Keep to your opinion”

clue: gun

A

Stick to one’s guns

Lengua Inglesa 4 - CPE (11 decks)

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