Photosynthesis, Respiration, Mitosis

Question 1

Where does glycolysis occur?

Answer 1

the cytoplasm

Question 2

Where does Aerobic respiration occur?

Answer 2

the mitochondria

Question 3

Where does photosynthesis occur?

Answer 3

the chloroplast

Question 4

Cellular Respiration definition and chemical equation

Answer 4

process of converting glucose to cellular energy

C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

glucose + oxygen(gas) -> water + energy

Question 5

Photosynthesis definition and chemical equation

Answer 5

process of converting carbon dioxide into glucose

6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2

carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen

Question 6

What is phenol red?

Answer 6

a pH indicator used in (our particular activity) to indirectly monitor CO2 production/consumption

Question 7

Describe importance of carbon dioxide in biological processes

Answer 7

It is produced during cellular respiration and used in photosynthesis

Question 8

What happens to carbon dioxide in water?

Answer 8

it dissolves into water to form carbonic acid; as carbonic acid increases in water, the water pH will decrease

as CO2 concentration increases, solution becomes more acidic(lower pH number);

as CO2 concentration decreases, solution becomes more basic(higher pH number)

Question 9

Importance of phenol red/description of elodea with phenol red

Answer 9

a pH indicator, used in our activity to indirectly monitor CO2 production/consumption

as CO2 concentration increases, solution becomes more acidic(lower pH number); phenol red is yellow in color/Elodea dark

as CO2 concentration decreases, solution becomes more basic(higher pH number); phenol red is pink in color/elodea light

neutral solutions of phenol red are red/orange

Question 10

Mitosis

Answer 10

cell division; Responsible for growth, repair and replacement of somatic cells; Begins with one cell and ends with two, identical daughter cells

note difference from cytokinesis: mitosis is a process where replicated chromosomes are divided

Question 11

Cell cycle

Answer 11

describes the “life” of a cell, including the period of time the cell is undergoing normal metabolic functions and replicating DNA

Question 12

Cytokinesis

Answer 12

a process where the original cell divides into two cells, each with a complete ( and identical) set of chromosomes

Question 13

DNA

Answer 13

double strand of nucleic acids that carry genetic information

Question 14

Chromatin

Answer 14

uncoiled complex of DNA and histone proteins that compose chromosomes

Question 15

Chromosome

Answer 15

structure composed of DNA and histones – humans have 23 pairs, each pair has one maternal and one paternal copy

Question 16

Homologous chromosome

Answer 16

matching maternal and paternal chromosome(note IMAGE)

Question 17

Sister chromatid

Answer 17

copy of chromosome after replication(NOTE IMAGE)

Question 18

Centromere

Answer 18

region where sister chromatids are attached(NOTE IMAGE)

Question 19

Why would planting trees or maintaining rainforests mitigate or offset carbon produced by anthropogenic(human) activities

Answer 19

it prevents an extreme level in pH; would have a healthy amount of CO2 in the environment and cycle elements consistently