photosynthesis - light depentent Flashcards
what do plants capture from light energy and convert into something it can store
glucose
what is a photoautotroph
an organism that can produce their own energy from sunlight - green plants, some bateria
what do photoautotrophs use for metabolism
cellular respiration to produce ATP
what is photosynthesis
a process used by plants to produce glucose and all other organic molecules
what are the three things photosynthesis can be broken down into
- capture light energy
- using light energy to make ATP and NADPH
- using ATP and NADPH to produce glucose into CO2
what is the structure of chloroplast
- inner and outer membrane
- thylakoids
- lumen
- grana
- stoma
- stroma lamellae
what are thylakoids and grana
flattened sacks (surface area)
- stack of thylakoids
what is lumen
fluid inside thylakoids
what is a stroma lamellae
connects the thylakoids
what is the stroma
fluid like substance outside of the thylakoids
what is a plant pigment
any colour substance produced by a plant
what happens when a pigment absorbs radiation
it is excited to a high energy state
why do pigment molecules absorb some wavelengths and not others
its molecular structure restricts the energy states which it can enter
what is chlorophyll a
a pigment in green plants that helps transfers light to energy
what are accessory pigments
must give the light energy they have collected to chlorophyll a in order for the energy to be used in photosynthesis
what is chlorophyll b
absorbs light in the blue-violet and red spectra of visible light
what are carotenoids
absorbs light in the blue-violet spectra
what is the first stage of capturing light
- light must hit the cluster of protein and pigments in the thylokoid membrane to begin the process
- photon of light excites a single electron moving it to the highest energy state
what are the 3 options electrons have
- release energy as thermal energy
- transfers electrons to a different electron in neighboring pigment molecules
- electron is accepted by an electron-accepting molecule
what is an antenna complex
the chlorophyll b and carotenoid tranfer energy to the reaction center - chlorophyll a
what happens after energy hit chlorophyll a
an electron is released to the electron transport chain
what is the light reaction responsible for
producing oxygen
what are photosystems
clusters consisting of chlorophyll a, accessory pigments, and proteins in the membrane of thylakoids
what are the two primary components and their functions in photoexcitation
antenna complex
- consists of accessory pigments
- responsible for collecting energy
reaction center
- contains chlorophyll a
- responsible for transmitting light energy in to the photosynthesis reaction
