calvin cycle Flashcards
explain the electron transport chain
- PS I can function independently of PSII
Instead of reducing NADP+, the electrons are moved back to PQ - PQ again uses the electrons energy to transport H+ inside the Thylakoid Lumen as it moves to the cytochrome complex
- This eventually creates more ATP than NADPH to satisfy the increased demand for ATP in the Calvin Cycle, and other reactions.
what is the calvin cycle called sometimes
the dark cycle
where does the calvin cycle occure
the stroma of the chloroplast
what are the 3 stages of the calvin cycle
- Carbon Fixation
- Reduction Reactions
- RuBP Regeneration
what happens when there is a reduction of CO2 to glucose
there are small uphill steps
- Each catalyzed by a specific enzyme
- Using energy stored in ATP and NADPH
glucose contains a lot of chemical energy meaning…
it is highly reduced
CO2 has very little chemical energy
meaning…
it is fully oxidized
what happens when CO2 is added to a 5-carbon molecule
6-carbon molecule is immediately split in half
what happens when Energy is added (ATP and NADPH)
2 G3P are formed (3 carbons)
What is the problem with this
We have nothing less to continue the cycle
What does 3 molecules of CO2 convert 3 molecules of RuBP in
3 - 6 carbon molecules
What enzyme catalyzes the reaction in carbon fixation
RuBisCo
What does the 3 6-carbon molecules break down with
Water
What does carbon and water break down into
3-PGA
What is the RuBisCo enzyme
Fixes carbon from air
- makes life out of air therefore it is the most important enzyme
- most abundant enzyme in the world
- 6kg/person
