Photosynthesis (Chapter 8) Flashcards
photosynthesis
converts light energy to chemical energy
mesophyll
tissue in the interior of the leaf
contains chloroplasts
half million chloroplasts in 1 mm2 of leaf
each mesophyll contains 30-40 chloroplasts
stomata
pores through which CO2 enters and O2 exits
chloroplast features
envelope with two membranes
dense fluid called stroma
thylakoid sacs which segregate the thylakoid from stroma
grana are stacks or columns of thylakoid sacs
chlorophyll is green pigment in thylakoid membrane
chemical formula for photosynthesis
6 CO2 + 12 H2O + Light → C6H12O6 + 6 O2 + 6 H2O
what does chloroplast do to water
chloroplast splits water into hydrogen and oxygen
photosynthesis is a _____ process
redox
redox process
combination of reduction and oxidation
oxidation is the loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation state
reduction is a gain in electrons or decrease in oxidation state
two stages of photosynthesis
light reaction which converts solar energy to chemical energy
Calvin cycle which converts chemical energy to sugar
NADP+
acceptor that receives electron
reduced to NADPH
stands for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
chemiosmosis
process by which light energy generates ATP
called photophosphorylation
carbon fixation
process by which CO2 is incorporated from air into organic molecules
light
form of energy known as electromagnetic energy
disturbance in electric and magnetic field
wavelength
distance between crests of waves
determines the type of electromagnetic energy
ex: gamma rays, x-rays, UV, visible light, infrared, microwaves, radio waves
photon
amount of light with a fixed quantity of energy
