Photosynthesis & Cell Specialization

Question 1

photosynthesis:

Answer 1

the process by which plants use light energy to produce food in the form of carbohydrates

Question 2

chlorophyll:

Answer 2

is the green pigment (chemical) in the chloroplast that absorbs the sunlight

Question 3

cuticle:

Answer 3

a waxy substance that coats the cells to prevent evaporation

Question 4

epidermal cells:

Answer 4

a protective layer, 1 cell thick, on the upper and lower surface of the leaf

Question 5

palisade tissue cells:

Answer 5

most photosynthesis takes place here in tightly packed columns

Question 6

spongy mesophyll:

Answer 6

packed like a sponge; allows for easy gas exchange

Question 7

stomata:

Answer 7

small openings in the lower epidermis that allows CO2 on for photosynthesis and O2 out (its actually the ¨cracks¨ or holes between the guard cells)

Question 8

guard cells:

Answer 8

2 cells that regulate the size of the stomata

Question 9

vascular tissue cells:

Answer 9

form tubes, the xylem and phloem together

Question 10

vascular bundles:

Answer 10

provides a system of vessels for the transport of water, minerals, and sugar throughout the plant

Question 11

xylem:

Answer 11

(plant vascular tissue) that carries water and minerals up the plant

Question 12

pholem:

Answer 12

(plant vascular tissue) that carries sugars produced by the leaves down the plant

Question 13

Multicellular advantages:

Answer 13

1. Larger size
2. Specialized Cells
3. Survive a variety of environments