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SCIENCE GRADE 9 Q1 > PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND RESPIRATION > Flashcards

PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND RESPIRATION Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

is an organism that produces its own food

A

AUTOTROPH

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2
Q

is an organism that does not make its own food

A

HETEROTROPH

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3
Q
  • Is the process of converting sun’s energy into chemical energy in the form of sugar or
    carbohydrate.
  • Occurs in plants, some photosynthetic bacteria and algae.
A

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

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4
Q

where does photosynthesis take place?

A

CHLOROPLAST

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5
Q

an organelle containing the pigment chlorophyll that absorbs light

A

CHLOROPLAST

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6
Q

absorbs light

A

CHLOROPHYLL

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7
Q

carbon dioxide and water reacting with light energy to produce sugar and oxygen.

A

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

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8
Q

2 STAGES OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS

A
  1. LIGHT DEPENDENT REACTION
  2. LIGHT INDEPENDENT REACTION / CALVIN CYCLE
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9
Q

Is the process of breaking down complex molecules such as sugar to release energy in the form of ATP

  • It occurs in all living things
A

THE CELLULAR RESPIRATION

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10
Q

where does the cellular reproduction take place

A

MITOCHONDRIA

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11
Q

what does the cellular respiration produce in the form of ATP?

A

CARBON DIOXIDE, WATER, ENERGY

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12
Q

STAGES OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION

A
  1. GLYCOLYSIS
  2. PYRUVATE PROCESSSING/OXIDATION
  3. KREB’S CYCLE/CITRIC ACID CYCLE
  4. OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION/ ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN
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13
Q

SUN’S ENERGY IS CONVERTED INTO SUGAR

A

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

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14
Q

is oxygen during photosynthesis and carbon dioxide during respiration.

A

THE PRIMARY GAS EXCHANGED

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15
Q
  1. What is the primary purpose of photosynthesis in plants?
A

TO PRODUCE GLUCOSE AS AN ENERGY SOURCE

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16
Q
  1. Which organelle in plant cells is responsible for photosynthesis?

a. Mitochondria

b. Nucleus

c. Ribosome

d. Chloroplasts

A

d. Chloroplasts

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17
Q
  1. During which process do plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen?

a. Photosynthesis

b. Respiration

c. Fermentation

d. Digestion

A

a. photosynthesis

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18
Q
  1. Why are photosynthesis and respiration considered interconnected processes in the ecosystem?

a. Photosynthesis produces glucose, which is consumed by respiration.

b. Photosynthesis and respiration both release carbon dioxide.

c. Photosynthesis and respiration occur in completely separate ecosystems.

d. Photosynthesis and respiration have no impact on each other.

A

a. Photosynthesis produces glucose, which is consumed by respiration.

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19
Q
  1. Which statement about photosynthesis is correct?

a. plants get the energy they need for photosynthesis from water

b. plants get the energy they need for photosynthesis from soil

c. plants get the energy they need for photosynthesis from sunlight

d. plants do not require energy to perform photosynthesis

A

c. plants get the energy they need for photosynthesis from sunlight

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20
Q
  1. What is the primary function of photosynthesis in plants?

a. Producing oxygen

b. Converting sunlight into heat

c. Producing glucose

d. Releasing carbon dioxide

A

c. producing glucose

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21
Q

It is the process of food production that happens in plants or autotrophs.

A

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

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22
Q

photo means

A

light

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23
Q

synthesis means -

A

put together

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24
Q

NADH means

A

nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen

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25
Q

FADH2 MEANS

A

Flavin adenine dinucleotide hydrogen

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26
Q

Main organ of photosynthesis in plants.

A

leaves

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27
Q

Tiny openings or pores in plant tissue that allow for gas exchange.

A

stomata

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28
Q

It contains the green pigment called Chlorophyll, which gives the plant its distinct color.

A

chloroplast

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29
Q

An organelle where photosynthesis takes place.

A

chloroplast

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30
Q

gives the plant its distinct color

A

chlorophyll

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31
Q

where does the carbon dioxide enter?

A

stomata

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32
Q

how is water absorbed?

A

through the root hairs from the soil

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33
Q

how is light energy absorbed?

A

light energy is absorbed by the chlorophyll

34
Q

are other fundamental cellular components of photosynthesis. They are the molecules that impart colour and they absorb light at some specific wavelength and reflect back the unabsorbed light.

A

pigments

35
Q

ATP MEANING

A

ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE

36
Q

ENERGY CURRENCY OF THE CELL

A

ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP)

37
Q
  • requires photons from light
  • takes place in between thylakoids
  • uses light and water to produce oxygen and 2 energy carrying molecules
A

LIGHT-DEPENDENT REACTION OR LIGHT REACTION

38
Q

All green plants mainly contain ______________, _______________ and ___________ which are present in the thylakoids of chloroplasts. It is primarily used to capture light energy.

A

CHLOROPHYLL A, CHLOROPHYLL B, CAROTENOIDS

39
Q

IS THE MAIN PIGMENT

A

CHLOROPHYLL A

40
Q

chain of events set in motion by the electrons

A

Electron transport chain

41
Q

where does the ight dependent reaction occur?

A

granum (thylakoid membranes)

42
Q

how many light absorbing molecules does the light dependent reaction have?

A

photosystem I and photosystem II

43
Q

expected products of light dependent reactions are

A

oxygen, nadh, atp

44
Q
  • does not require light
  • takes place in the stroma
  • uses carbon dioxide and NADPH to produce carbohydrate or sugar:
A

Light independent reaction or dark reaction/Calvin Cycle

45
Q

also called as dark reaction

A

light independent reaction

46
Q

calvin cycle is named after?

A

melvin calvin

47
Q

where does the dark reaction occur

A

stroma of the chloroplast

48
Q

PHASES OF LIGHT INDEPENDENT REACTION

A
  1. CARBON FIXATION
  2. REDUCTION
  3. REGENERATION
49
Q

RuBP

A

RIBULOSE BIPHOSPHATE

50
Q

PGA

A

PHOSPHOGLYCERATE

51
Q

G3P

A

GLYCERATE 3-PHOSPHATE

52
Q

used to regenerate RuBP

A

GLYCERATE 3-PHOSPHATE (G3P)

53
Q

expected product of the dark reaction

A

glucose

54
Q

light dependent reaction is also known as

A

photochemical reaction

55
Q

T OR F

Increased light intensity results in a higher rate of photosynthesis. On the other hand, low light intensity results in a lower rate of photosynthesis.

A

TRUE

56
Q

Factors that influence the rate of photosynthesis

A

LIGHT INTENSITY
CONCENTRATION OF CO2
TEMPERATURE
WATER

57
Q

is essential for the existence of all life on earth. It serves a crucial role in the food chain – the plants create their food using this process, thereby, forming the primary producers.

A

photosynthesis

58
Q

is also responsible for the production of oxygen – which is needed by most organisms for their survival.

A

photosynthesis

59
Q
  1. What is the primary source of energy for photosynthesis?

a. Oxygen

b. Carbon dioxide

c. Sunlight

d. Water

A

c. sunlight

60
Q
  1. Which organelle in plant cells is responsible for photosynthesis?
    a. Nucleus

b. Mitochondria

c. Chloroplasts

d. Vacuole

A

c. chloroplasts

61
Q
  1. What is the primary product of photosynthesis?

a. Carbon dioxide

b. Oxygen

c. Glucose

d. Water

A

c. glucose

62
Q
  1. What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

a. Capturing light energy

b. Producing oxygen

c. Breaking down glucose

d. Storing nutrients

A

a. capturing light energy

63
Q
  1. Why is photosynthesis essential for the ecosystem?

a. It produces oxygen for
animals.

b. It removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

c. It converts sunlight into energy for plants.

d. It produces food for all organisms.

A

d. It produces food for all organisms.

64
Q

isthe gelatinous liquid that fills the inside of a cell

A

cytoplasm

65
Q

responsible for holding the components of the cell and protects them from damage

A

cytoplasm

66
Q

is a process that all living things use to convert glucose into energy. Autotrophs (like plants)produce glucose during photosynthesis. Heterotrophs (like humans) ingest other living things to obtain glucose

A

cellular respiration

67
Q

to break down glucose to form energy.

A

cellular respiration

68
Q

produces energy, which is vital because the energy is used to maintainlife.

A

cellular respiration

69
Q

STAGES OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION

A

GLYCOLYSIS
PYRUVATE OXIDATION
KREB’S CYCLE
ELECTRON TRANSPORTATION / OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION

70
Q

no presence of oxygen

A

anaerobic

71
Q

has presence of oxygen aerobic

A
72
Q

is the first step in the breakdown of glucose to extract energy for cellular metabolism

A

glycolysis

73
Q

glyco means

A

glucose

74
Q

lysis means

A

to split

75
Q

the innermost compartment of mitochondria

A

mitochondrial matrix

76
Q

Coenzyme A is also known as

A

acetyl CoA

77
Q

2 SUBSTAGES OF OP

A

(ETC) ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN
CHEMIOSMOSIS

78
Q

isa collection of proteins bound to the inner mitochondrial membrane and organic molecules, which electrons pass through in a series of redox reactions, and release energy.

A

ETC – ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN

79
Q

isthe process through which cells produce ATP for energy in the cellular respiration process.

A

CHEMIOSMOSIS

80
Q
A

SCIENCE GRADE 9 Q1 (10 decks)

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