GENETIC TERMS

Question 1

father of genetics

Answer 1

gregor johann mendel

Question 2

is a branch of biology concerned with the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms.

Answer 2

genetics

Question 3

also called inheritance or biological inheritance, is the passing on of traits from parents to their offspring

Answer 3

heredity

Question 4

is the acquisition / reception of genetic qualities of parents to offspring

Answer 4

inheritance

Question 5

is the difference in DNA among individuals or the differences between populations

Answer 5

variation

Question 6

is the set of observable characteristics or trait of an organism

Answer 6

phenotype

Question 7

is a complete set of genetic material

Answer 7

genotype

Question 8

any of the alternative forms of a gene in a genotype

Answer 8

alleles

Question 9

is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity

Answer 9

genes

Question 10

dna meaning

Answer 10

deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 11

is a molecule composed of two chains which coil around each other to form a double helix carrying the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning of all known living organisms

Answer 11

DNA

Question 12

is a sequence of dna or rna that codes for a molecule that has a function

Answer 12

gene

Question 13

the transmission of genes to an organism’s offspring is the basis of the inheritance of _________ traits.

Answer 13

phenotypic

Question 14

an inherited characteristic that appears in an offspring if it is contributed from a parent through a dominant allele

Answer 14

dominant trait

Question 15

is a trait that is expressed when an organism has two recessive alleles, or forms of a gene

Answer 15

recessive trait

Question 16

is made up of two of the SAME alleles

Answer 16

homozygous trait

Question 17

is made up of two DIFFERENT alleles

Answer 17

heterozygous trait

Question 18

two of the same allele

Answer 18

homozygous

Question 19

one dominant allele and one recessive allele

Answer 19

heterozygous

Question 20

is a table in which all of the possible outcomes for a genetic cross between two individuals with known genotypes are given

Answer 20

punnett square

Question 21

What is the term for different forms of a gene that can occupy the same locus on a pair of homologous chromosomes?

Answer 21

ALLELES

Question 22

Which term describes an individual with two identical alleles for a particular gene?

Answer 22

HOMOZYGOUS

Question 23

What do we call the physical appearance of an organism resulting from its genetic makeup?

Answer 23

PHENOTYPE

Question 24

If an organism’s genotype for a particular trait is “Aa,” what term best describes this genotype?

Answer 24

HETEROZYGOUS

Question 25

What is the term for a gene with more than two alleles in a population?

Answer 25

MULTIPLE ALLELES