Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Flashcards
What is cellular respiration?
The process by which cells convert glucose into energy (ATP).
What is the equation for cellular respiration?
C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O + ATP
Where does glycolysis occur, and what does it produce?
Occurs in the cytoplasm; produces 2 pyruvate molecules, ATP, and NADH.
Where does the Krebs Cycle occur, and what does it produce?
Occurs in the mitochondria; produces CO₂, ATP, NADH, and FADH₂.
What is the role of the Electron Transport Chain?
Produces large amounts of ATP using NADH and FADH₂, with oxygen as the final electron acceptor.
What are the two types of cellular respiration?
Aerobic: Requires oxygen; produces 36–38 ATP.
Anaerobic: Does not require oxygen; produces 2 ATP and either lactic acid or alcohol.
What is photosynthesis?
The process by which autotrophs convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
What happens during the light-dependent reactions?
Occur in thylakoid membranes.
Convert light energy into ATP and NADPH.
Release oxygen as a by-product.
What happens during the Calvin Cycle?
Occurs in the stroma.
Uses ATP and NADPH to convert CO₂ into glucose.
What is the role of chlorophyll?
Absorbs red and blue light; reflects green light. Found in chloroplasts.
What is ATP?
The energy currency of the cell.
What happens when ATP loses a phosphate group?
Energy is released, and ATP becomes ADP.
How is ADP recharged into ATP?
ADP gains a phosphate group using energy.
How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration interconnected?
Photosynthesis produces glucose and oxygen used in respiration.
Respiration releases CO₂ and H₂O used in photosynthesis.
