Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration and Fermentation Flashcards
the process plants use to make their own food from the sun’s energy
photosynthesis
the process of getting energy from food
cellular respiration
the energy-carrying molecule that cells use for energy; energy in the cell
ATP
Green pigment in the chloroplast that gives plants their green color
chlorophyll
organisms that can make their own food (2)
producers and autotrophs
organisms that can make their own food
autotrophs
the sugar that acts as the food for plants; it is also the main product of photosynthesis
glucose
an organelle in the cells of plants and algae that contains chlorophyll and is the site of photosynthesis
chloroplast
organisms that must eat
consumers
the ability to do work
energy
organic molecules that store energy in their chemical bonds
food
shows how energy and matter flow from producers to consumers
food chain
the process of obtaining energy from food without oxygen
fermentation
Heterotrophs are living things that cannot make their own_______________________.
food
Name the two products of photosynthesis
glucose and oxygen
Name the three products of cellular respiration
Carbon dioxide, water, and energy
Photosynthesis is the process in which energy from the _________________ is transferred to glucose.
sun
Cellular respiration is the process in which energy from glucose is transferred to _______________________
ATP
Without photosynthesis, there would be no ___________________________ in the air.
oxygen
Where does photosynthesis occur?
chloroplasts
Where does cellular respiration occur?
mitochondria
Living organisms get their _______________________ from food.
energy
____________________and ___________________ make their own food
producers and autotrophs
___________________and _______________ get food by eating other living things.
consumers and heterotrophs
Are plants producers?
yes
_________________________is the process plants use to make their food.
photosynthesis
Plant cells contain_________________that absorb energy.
pigments
the main pigment used in plants for photosynthesis
chlorophyll
Where is chlorophyll found?
in chloroplasts
organisms that cannot produce their food
heterotrophs
glucose is converted into ______________ during cellular respiration
ATP
Where does cellular respiration take place?
mitochondria
Cellular respiration can be thought of as the opposite of _____________________
photosynthesis
Name two types of fermentation
alcoholic fermentation and acid fermentation
Aerobic means “with ______________”
oxygen
Anaerobic means “without ___________”
oxygen
Does respiration require oxygen?
yes
Does fermentation require oxygen?
no
respiration produces _____________, _________, and ________________
ATP, carbon dioxide and water
Fermentation produces ____________, _________, and ____________
ATP, carbon dioxide, and alcohol (or lactic acid
Does respiration require oxygen?
yes
Does fermentation require oxygen?
no
How much energy is released during fermentation?
little energy (2 ATP)
Name two differences between respiration and fermentation.
Respiration requires oxygen and fermentation does not need oxygen
Respiration releases a lot of energy and fermentation does not
an important way of making ATP without oxygen
fermentation
respiration without oxygen
anaerobic respiration
makes your muscles feel tired and sore after intense exercise
lactic acid
perform cellular respiration in the presence of oxygen
aerobic respiration
______________________cells can use lactic fermentation for energy
muscle
______________ can use alcoholic fermentation for energy
yeast
energy in the cell
ATP
fermentation in which pyruvic acid from glycolysis changes to lactic acid
lactic acid fermentation
fermentation in which pyruvic acid changes to alcohol and carbon dioxide
alcoholic fermentation
True or False? All life needs energy.
True
True or False? Only autotrophs can perform photosynthesis.
True
True or False? Because you can cook your own food, you are a producer.
False
True or False? Autotrophs are producers.
True
The energy that organisms need comes from __________________.
food
In terms of obtaining food for energy, there are 2 types of organisms. Name them.
autotrophs and heterotrophs
Autotrophs are also called ___________________.
producers
The process in which glucose is broken down and ATP is made
cellular respiration
organism at the end of the food chain
decomposer
stores chemical energy in a concentrated, stable form
glucose
process that stores energy from sunlight in the chemical bonds of glucose
photosynthesis
Heterotrophs are living things that cannot make their own _________________.
food
All organisms burn glucose to form _______________________ during cellular respiration.
ATP/energy
