Photosynthesis

Question 1

Why are animals considered heterotrophs

Answer 1

Because animals get their energy (in the from of glucose) from either other animals (carnivores) or plants (herbivores)

Question 2

Why are plants considered autotrophs?

Answer 2

They synthesise their own organic molecules, they do not consume other organisms for energy

Question 3

Why are plants undergo photosynthesis

Answer 3

They will still need energy in the form of ATP to undergo processes such as synthesis of proteins and to operate their active transport protein pumps and to synthesise their own organic molecules. (make glucose)

Question 4

Define photosynthesis

Answer 4

Is a biochemical process involving the conversion of light energy into chemical energy via the reduction of carbon dioxide to glucose.

Question 5

Two stages of photosynthesis

Define light- dependent stage

Answer 5

Is about harnessing light energy and ‘fixing’ it as chemical energy present in molecules. Occurs on the grana

Question 6

Two stages of photosynthesis

Light- dependent stage
Events that occur
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Answer 6

• Light energy is used by chlorophyll to split water H2O molecules into hydrogen ions H+, oxygen atoms and electrons
• Oxygen atoms combine to form O2 molecules
• The electrons get accepted by the coenzyme NADP to form NADPH
• Chemical energy inputted into the splitting of water molecules is utilized to form ATP

Question 7

Two stages of photosynthesis

Light- dependent stage
Inputs:__, __, __
Outputs:__, __, __
Site:

Answer 7

• water, NADP, ATP/Pi
• oxygen (O2), NADPH, ATP
• grana of chloroplast

Question 8

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Answer 8

sunlight
-6 CO2 + 12 H2O –> C6H12O6 + 6 O2 + 6 H2O

-6 CO2 + 6H2O –> C6H12O6 + 6 O2

Question 9

Two stages of photosynthesis

Light- independent stage (Calvin cycle)
Inputs:__, __, __
Outputs:__, __, __
Site:

Answer 9

• CO2, NADPH, ATP
• glucose, (NADP, ADP/Pi
• Stroma of chloroplast

Question 10

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Answer 10

• Light
• Carbon concentration
• Temperature

Question 11

Evidence of bacterial origins of mitochondria and chloroplasts

What is hypothesized

Answer 11

That the mitochondria and chloroplast arose through early ancestral cells engulfing aerobic and photosynthetic prokaryotes. These events are thought to have mutually benefited the host cells and bacteria so that over time they evolved to become part of the cell.

Question 12

Evidence of bacterial origins of mitochondria and chloroplasts

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Answer 12

• Mitochondria and chloroplasts have there own genome
• Both have a double membrane
• They reproduce by growing and dividing (like binary fission)

Question 13

Must know the structure of a chloroplast!!!

Answer 13

Identify parts (draw one and compare)