Photosynthesis Flashcards
What do plants need to survive
Sunlight
Water
Food/nutrients
Carbon dioxide
What part of the plant carries out photosynthesis
The leaf
What does the flower do
It allows the plant to reproduce
What do roots do
They absorb water and minerals from the soil
What is photosynthesis
It is a chemical reaction that takes place in the chloroplasts in green plant cells, where light energy is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.
How do we know that plants require light for photosynthesis
Because the light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll which we know is necessary for photosynthesis to take place.
True or false:
Some glucose is used straight away in respiration
True
True or false:
Some glucose is converted into starch and other substances for storage.
True
True or false:
Some glucose is used to make new chemicals such as proteins sugars and fats.
True
What does putting a leaf in boiling water do
It de nature’s/kills the leaf
How do plants obtain minerals
They absorb them from the soil.
How do we know that plants store glucose as starch.
Because when plants are making sugar, they store it as starch and retrieve it when they need to be used
What does boiling ethanol do to a plant
It dissolves the chlorophyll and makes it come out of the leaf.
How are leaves adapted
They have a large surface area to capture lots of sunlight
They have stomata in the underside of the leaves which allow gasses in and out
Their veins carry water to the leaf and food from the leaf to the rest of the plant.
They have certain cells which contain chloroplasts which contain chlorophyll.
What mineral elements do plants need
Some of the most important are: Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium Magnesium
How do plants obtain these minerals
From the soil. The minerals are found in salts dissolved in water which plants get from the soil.
What is nitrogen used for
Making proteins
What is phosphorus used for
Energy transfer/strong roots
What is potassium used for
Drought tolerance/making fruit
What is magnesium used for
Making chlorophyll
Deficiency signs for nitrogen
Lower leaves are yellow upper leaves are pale green
Deficiency signs for phosphorus
Purple leaves/small roots
Deficiency signs for potassium
Yellow leaves/dead spots
Deficiency signs for magnesium
Lower leaves are pale green/yellow.
When are stomata most likely to open
During the day as there is more carbon dioxide around. Light also affects when they open and there is much more light during the day.
Why are the leaves lower down in a forest larger that the ones high up
So they can absorb more sunlight as they are partly covered by the leaves that are higher up.
What is mineral deficiency
It is when plants don’t grow as well because of a shortage of minerals/mineral.
What are macroelements
They are elements that plants use in large quantities
What are microelements
They are elements that plants use in small quantities
What is an NPK fertiliser
It is one which contains Nitrogen, Phosphorus and potassium
Why might farmers use fertilisers even though they already have healthy soil
To replace the minerals used by the crops.
Why do some farmers use natural minerals?
Manure(contains natural minerals) releases the minerals over a long period of time.
Why do some farmers use commercial fertilisers
Because they need something that will act quickly.
List a few features that leaves have in common
They are thin, broad, flat, green and contain a pigment called chlorophyll.
Why do leaves have these features
So the can photosynthesise efficiently.
What are guard cells
They are cells in the stomata which affect when they open and close.
What are palisade cells
They are cells that absorb light so that photosynthesis can take place.
