Photosynthesis Flashcards by Mort The Sexy Squirrel

What’s the similarities of the respiration equation and photosynthesis reaction

The are the reverse of one another

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What’s the chemical formula reaction of photosynthesis

6CO2 + 6H2O —> C6H12O6 + 6O2

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What’s the word equation for photosynthesis

Carbon dioxide + water —> glucose + oxygen

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What type of reaction is photosynthesis

Endothermic reduction reaction

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What is a Autotroph and an example

Producer , plants

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What is a heterotroph and an example

Consumer , animal( humans )

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What’s a saprotroph

Decomposer

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What’s the compenSation point

Where photosynthesis and respiration rates are the same

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How does low light intensity effect respiration rates

Low light intensity , can’t take up allot of CO2 , not allot of photosynthesis = respiration higher

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Why is it important to have lots of different pigments in chloroplasts

To absorb different light wavelengths

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Why does chlorophyll give a green. Colour

It absorbs all light wavelengths but reflects green

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What pigments can be found in chloroplasts

Chlorophyll A
Chlorophyll B
Xanthophylls
Carotenoids

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What’s the light harvesting system and reaction centre are collectively known as ?

The photo system

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What are the 2 stages of photosynthesis

Light dependant stage
Light independent stage

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In light dependant stage of photosynthesis what are the 2 reactions

Cyclic
Non cyclic

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What does the cyclic photo phosphorylation stage include and what does it produce

PSII

ATP , oxygen , hydrogen ions

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What does the NON cyclic photo phosphorylation stage include and what does it produce

PSII + PSI

Reduced NADP , ATP, oxygen , hydrogen ions , electrons

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What products are produced in the light dependant stage on photosynthesis

Reduced NADP

ATP

Oxygen

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Where does the light dependant stage of photosynthesis occur

In the thylakoids

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What does the reaction photo phosphorylation do

ATP + Pi = ATP

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What does the reaction photolysis do and how

Splits water using sunlight to produce oxygen , hydrogen and electrons which go to the PSII

What is the photosystemn

A funnel shape protein full of photosynthetic pigments

Where is light absorbed by in photosynthesis and what is released

Phptosytems I and II (PSII PSI )

Electrons are realised from the chlorophyll

What do the electrons from photolysis replace

Electrons lost by chlorophyll A

How do you calculate the Rf value

divide the distance travelled by the component by the distance travelled by the solvent( smaller number over larger number )

What’s the process of cyclic photo phosphorylation? (4steps)

Light is absorbed by PSI (P700) thus causes the chlorophyll A molecule to emit a pair of electrons The energised electrons are picked up by an electron acceptor The electrons are then passed along the electron transport chain, releasing energy to make ATP from ADP and Pi by chemiosmosis The electrons are returned to PSI

Cyclic and non cyclic photo phosphorylation is also known as

Light dependant reactions

What’s the difference between cyclic and non cyclic photo phosphorylation

Cyclic involves just PSII Non cyclic involves PSII and PSI

What is the light independent reaction also known as

Calvin cycle

What does TP stand for in the Calvin cycle

Triose phosphate

What does GP stand for in the Calvin cycle

Glycerate phosphate

How many carbon molecules are GP made up of and how many are produced per cycle

2 3Carbon molecules

How many carbon molecules are TP made up of and how many are produced per cycle

2 3Carbon molecules

How many carbons make up the unstable intermediate in the Calvin cycle

How many carbons make up RuBP in the Calvin cycle

Explain the process of the Calvin cycle in full

CO2 combines with 5C RuBP using the enzyme RuBisCO This creates a 6C unstable intermediate The unstable intermediate creates 2 3C GP Using ATP and NADPH (from the light dependant stage) and 2 GP this creates 2 3C TP TP is then either used to create carbohydrates or RuBP to start the process again

What 3 factors effect photosynthesis

Light intensity CO2 concentration Temperature

How does the light intensity effect photosynthesis

Light is used to create ATP and NADPH which is needed in the light dependent reaction to complete photosynthesis

How does CO2 concentration effect photosynthesis

Carbon is needed to start the Calvin cycle

How does the temperature effect photosynthesis

Effects enzyme controlled reactions ( Rubisca and ATP synthesis)

Why is water not considered a limiting factor in photosynthesis

Although water is required for photosynthesis it is never considered a limiting factor as water can be kept if that stomata closes

What’s the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere

0.035%

Where does C3 photosynthesis (normal one )occur

Cool Wet conditions Average sunlight

Where does C4 photosynthesis occur

High temperatures Limited water supply

What does CAM photosynthesis do and a plant example

Open stomata at night closed during the day Cacti

What’s the law of limiting factors

When a prices is influenced by several factors , the rate of which the process proceeds is determined by the FACTOR in SHORTEST SUPPLY

What do farmers use to increase the temperature and CO2 concentration in greenhouses

Paraffin heaters

What’s the optimum temperature for photosynthesis

25 degrees C

At what temperature do enzymes in photosynthesis denature

45 degrees C

Explain water stress (5 steps)

Roots are unable to take up enough water to replace water lost via transpiration Cells lose water Plant roots produce abscidic acid , stomata close Leaves wilt Rate of photosynthesis gradually reduces

How can you test the rate of photosynthesis?

Place some pond weed in a test tube of sodium hydrogen carbonate. Place the test tube in a water bath Let plants acclimatise to temperature Then count the bubbles per minute 3 times Then repeat using different colour lights