Photosynthesis Flashcards
Photosynthesis equation
6CO2 (g) + 6H2O(l) + sunlight => 6O2(g) + C6H12O6(s)
Photosynthesis definition
Process that coverts energy from ☀️ into chemical energy that’s used by living cells.
Humans are dependent on it
Chlorophyll
Makes plants green
Chloroplasts
Have outer and inner membrane
Half is light dependent (thylakoids) and half light independent (stroma)
Wishing the stroma a system of membrane sacs called thylakoids exists. A group of them are called a grana.
Creates 3 higher energy molecules (ATP, NADPH, and glucose)
ATP
Adenosine triphospate
ADP + Pi = ATP
Chemiosmosis
Process of making ATP
NADPH
NADP+ + H+ + 2e- = NADPH
Process is called reduction
Light independent reaction results in..
Carbon fixation (Calvin cycle)
Making carbon dioxide into G3P then into glucose
- these reactions take place in the stroma and use the energy of ATP and NADPH
3 ATP’s and 2 NADPH’s are used for every carbon dioxide that enters the cycle.
Total energy of 18 ATP and 12 NADPH since photosynthesis uses 6CO2(g)
Cellular respiration equation
6O2(g) + C6H12O6(s) = 6CO2(g) + 6H2O(l) + energy
Cell resp definition
Process cells use to release energy needed for all kinds of work, including muscle contraction
The 2 types of cell resp
1) aerobic respiration - in the presence of oxygen
2) anaerobic respiration- in the absence of oxygen
Glycolysis-stage #1(same for both aerobic and anaerobic)
Starts in the hexagon w 6 carbon molecules
2ATP goes in to make 2ADP + 2Pi
4ADP + 4Pi goes in to make 4ATP
NAD+ + H+ + 4e- goes in to make 2NADH
WHICH then splits the 6 carbons into pyruvate molecules (3 carbons)
Pyruvate oxidation-stage 2
Starts as 3 carbon molecules
NAD+ + H+ + 2e- goes in and turns into NADH
COenzyme A goes in to make CO2(g)
Then becoming acetyl-CoA
Krebs cycle -stage 3
And
ETC and chemiosmosis -stage 4
Acetyl-CoA goes in and comes out as
ATP
NADH
FADH2
CO2(g)
Then stage 4 makes ATP
