photosynthesis Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe the light dependent reaction

A
  • Chlorophyll absorbs light energy & Excites electrons
  • electrons removed (Oxidation of chlorophyll) via photoionisation;
  • Electrons move along carriers/electron transport chain releasing energy (Series of REDOX reactions)
  • Energy released (by electrons) used to form proton gradient;
  • H+ ions move through ATP synthase;
  • providing energy to join ADP and Pi to form ATP;
  • Photolysis of water produces 2 protons, 2 electrons and ½ oxygen;
  • NADP reduced by electrons / electrons and protons / hydrogen;
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2
Q

Name the two products of the light-dependent reaction that are required for the light-independent reaction

A
  • ATP;
  • Reduced NADP;
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3
Q

Describe the light independent reaction

A
  • Carbon dioxide combines with ribulose bisphosphate/RuBP;
  • Produces two glycerate (3-)phosphate/GP;
  • GP reduced to triose phosphate;
  • Using reduced NADP;
  • Using energy from ATP;
  • Triose phosphate converted to glucose/hexose/RuBP/ named organic substance;
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4
Q

Where precisely is rubisco found in a cell?

A
  • Stroma
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5
Q

Explain why scientists measure the rate of production of oxygen in this investigation. (Rate of photosynthesis)

A
  • Oxygen produced in light-dependent reaction;
  • The faster (oxygen) is produced, the faster the light-dependent reaction
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6
Q

Explain why plants that have more chlorophyll will grow faster than plants with less chlorophyll

A
  • Have faster production of ATP and reduced NADP;
  • (So) have faster / more light-independent reaction;
  • (So) produce more sugars that can be used in respiration;
  • (So) have more energy for growth;
  • Have faster / more synthesis of new organic materials
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7
Q

ATP is produced in the light dependant reaction, suggest why this is not their (plants) only source of ATP.

A
  • Plants don’t photosynthesis in the dark;
  • Not all the parts of the plants photosynthesise;
  • Plants require more ATP than is produced in the light dependant reaction;
  • ATP used in Active Transport (accept other named processes)
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8
Q

Describe the effect of introducing a herbicide/inhibitor on the electron transport chain (4)

A
  • Reduced transfer of protons across thylakoid membrane
    OR
  • Reduced chemiosmotic gradient/proton gradient across thylakoid membrane;
  • (So) less ATP produced;
  • (So) less reduced NADP produced;
  • (So) light-independent reaction slows/stops
    OR
  • Less reduction of GP to triose phosphate;
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9
Q

Describe what happens during photoionisation in the light dependent reaction.

A
  • Chlorophyll absorbs light
    OR
    Light excites/moves electrons in chlorophyll;
  • Electron/s are lost
    OR
    (Chlorophyll) becomes positively charged;
    Accept electrons go to electron transport/carrier chain for ‘electrons lost’.
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10
Q

When producing a chromatogram explain why the origin is marked using a pencil rather than ink.

A
  • Ink and (leaf) pigments would mix
    OR
  • (With ink) origin/line in different position
    OR
  • (With pencil) origin/line in same position
    OR
    (With pencil) origin/line still visible;
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11
Q

While making a chromatogram, describe the method used to separate the pigments after the solution of pigment had been applied to the origin.

A
  • Level of solvent below origin/line;
  • Remove/stop before (solvent) reaches top/end;
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12
Q

Suggest and explain the advantage to plants of having different colour pigments in leaves.

A
  • Absorb different/more wavelengths of light for photosynthesis;
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13
Q

Explain the relationship between stomatal opening and photosynthesis.

A
  • Stomata allow uptake of carbon dioxide;
  • Carbon dioxide used in / required for photosynthesis;
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