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CPI Finals > Photographic > Flashcards

Photographic Flashcards

1
Q

Photography came from the Greek word:

A
  • PHOTOS which means “light”
  • GRAPHOS which mean “drawing”
    Overall, it means “Drawing by Light”
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2
Q

is the most common method humans have at receiving and conveying impressions of the world they exist in.

A

vision

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3
Q

The first recorded use of HISTORICAL LENS was used for

A

image formation

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4
Q

discovered the fixing properties of thiosulfate, paving the way for permanent pictorial productions

A

John Herschel

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5
Q

The year John Hershel discovered the fixing properties of thiosulfate, paving the way for permanent pictorial productions

A

1819

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6
Q

The year Archer improved and perfected the “WET-COLLODION
PROCESS”

A

1851

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7
Q

discovered the SUPERIOR GELLATIN process, which had been preferred by the public.

A

Maddox

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8
Q

The year the first exhibit with photographs was done.

A

1839

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9
Q

made the first photographic portrait

A

Dorothy Catherine Draper

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10
Q

discovered that dye molecules absorbed on the silver haldes crystals greatly increased the light sensitivity of these crystals

A

Vogel

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11
Q

introduced TRANSPARENT
ROLL FILM and popularized the SNAP SHOT

A

George Eastman

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12
Q

sucessfully reproduced images as negatives on papers impregnated with silver salts. Soon after this, practical methods for producing motion pictures were invented

A

Thomas Wedgewood

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13
Q

The year Hoescht Dye Works in Germany used color-sentisized emulsions.

A

1904

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14
Q

Velox developing paper was discovered by

A

Leo H. Baekland

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15
Q

The year Wratten panchromatic plates were introduced.

A

1906

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16
Q

The year Portrait Film was introduced and at the same time, Projection Printing came into general use

A

1920

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17
Q

the year natural color film amateur color prints were introduced respectively

A

1928 & 1941

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18
Q

Amateur use of Photography involves in 3 Major ways:

A

prints
home movies
small transparency

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19
Q

PROFESSIONAL USE OF PHOTOGRAPHY

A

Entertainment
Education
Sales
Graphic Reproduction in Magazines
Display Advertising
Data Recording
Nondestructive Testing
Medical and Scientific Records

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20
Q

is the process of producing image by the action of
light or other radiant energy.

A

PHOTOGRAPHY

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21
Q

are included as initiators in photography

A

ULTRAVIOLET and INFRARED LIGHT

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22
Q

In the case of economically significant photographic
processes, the “Light” sensitive substances employed are:

A

SILVER HALIDES
DIAZO COMPOUNDS
AMORPHOUS SELENIUM
ORGANIC PHOTOCONDUCTORS
ZINC OXIDES

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23
Q

are widely used for medical use, x-rays, graphical arts, and engineering drawings but are slower compared with SILVER HALLIDE films.

A

SILVERLESS FILMS

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24
Q
  • a new development that threatens to take over some of silver film market
  • uses VIDEOTAPE instead of FILM to produce image
A

ELECTRONIC CAMERA

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25
• employed as the sensitive substance in most widely used photographic products • has natural sensitivity to ultraviolet and blue radiation • Their sensitivity to Red, Green, and Infrared is Negligible unless sensitization to the regions is induced by adsorption of sensitizing dyes.
SILVER HALIDES
26
consists essentially of an emulsion on a film support of cellulose acetate, polyster, or glass
films and plates
27
• composed of suspension of minute silver halide crystals in gelatin • suitably sensitized by the addition of certain dyes • antifogging agents, hardening agents
emulsion
28
fogging of the emulsion by light reflected into it from the back surface of the film
halation
29
Its function is to chemically reduce the silver halide to metallic silver in various points where light has produced the latent image.
Reducing Agent
30
Its function is to guard the developer against air oxidation.
Preservatives
31
Its function is to increase the alkalinity of the developing solution, hence increase the activity of most of the developing or reducing agents.
Accelerators
32
Its function is to control the speed of the developer.
Restrainer
33
is based upon the principles that the colors of nature can be adequately represented to the eye and brain by mixtures of BLUE, GREEN, and RED LIGHT.
COLOR PHOTOGRAPHY
34
The use of Blue, Green, Re beams or filters is dificult and wasteful of lightful energy. Most methods are based on compliments of blue, red, and green, which are
YELLOW, MAGENTA, and CYAN
35
yellow, magenta, cyan controlls what colors
YELLOW FILTER - controls blue ; permits green and red MAGENTA FILTER - controls green ; permits blue and red CYAN FILTER - controls red ; permits blue and green
36
Dyes with properties suitable for color photography are produced when the development is accomplished by p-phenylenediamines in the presence of an active species called
Coupler
37
Preparation of light-sensitive emulsion
• Silver halides are sensitive only to wavelengths shorter than 500 nm. • Orthochromatic Emulsion- sensitivity is increased to 600 nm. • Panchromatic Emulsion- sensitivity is increased to 700 nm.
38
Manufacture of the base or support for the emulsion
Glass- precision photography Plastic- Modern photography Paper- print materials
39
Coating of the emulsion on the base
• The finished product consists of several separately applied emulsion layers. • Intermediate layer is used to prevent stray light from reflecting back. • Color Films requires many layers of emulsion.
40
absorbs most of the light that would otherwise be reflected back up through the emulsion, scattering the light and reducing sharpness in the image.
Gelatin Anti-Halation Layer
41
prevent the tendency of the film to curl when the emulsion swells during processing.
Anti-Curl Backing
42
solid sheets of thermoplastic or partially cured (B-staged) thermosetting polymers that can be cut to size and generally used to attach large-area components, substrates, and lids.
Adhesion Promotion Layer
43
a thermosetting resins with high cohesive strength and excellent adhesion to metals, ceramics, glass, rubber, and some plastics. They are generally rigid and have excellent chemical resistance. Epoxy film enables clean, consistent bond lines and manufacturing that eliminates dispensing of liquids.
B-Stage Epoxy Film
44
the layer of plastic that supports the images, sound, and other information contained in the emulsion.
Film Base
45
holds something in suspension. It is this material in suspension that is sensitive to radiation and forms the latent image on the film.
Emulsion Layer
46
protecting the film from scratches during handling.
Gelatin Protective Coating
47
Black and White Film Layers
Gelatin Anti-Halation Layer Anti-Curl Backing Adhesion Promotion Layer Film Base Adhesion Promotion Layer Emulsion Layer Gelatin Protective Coating
48
Special Applications of Photography
• PHOTOMECHANICAL REPRODUCTION FOR ILLUSTRATIONS • PHOTOCOPYING • MICROFILMING
49
Classification of Ink Printing Processes
Relief Printing Intaglio Printing Planographic Printing
50
• also referred to as PHOTOENGRAVING. • the raised portion of a plate receives the ink for transference to the paper. • LINE PLATES and HALFTONE PLATES are used.
Relief Printing
51
• includes PHOTOGRAVURE, ROTOGRAVURE, and METAL ENGRAVING. • reverse of the relief printing procedure. • the hollow regions of the plate or metal cylinder hold the tank.
Intaglio Printing
52
• also known as LITHOGRAPHY. • makes use of the inability of a water-wet surface to the tank. •utilizes lithographic plates which are particularly adaptable to illustrative work in color.
Planographic Printing
53
• uses photosensitive acrylic plastics bonded to metal. • marketed in 1960.
Dyeril Photopolymer Printing Plates
54
• formed by the light-induced cross-linking of nylon has been described in the literature.
Photopolymer Printing Plate
55
first successful use of color to create a three-dimensional effect on a flat surface.
Panography
56
PRINTING-OUT PROCESS
Silver Process Chromate Process Iron Process
57
• Herschel, 1842. • a method dependent on the ability of the ferric ions to be reduced to ferrous ions. • cyanotype (positive blueprint)
Blueprint process
58
the first successful document copying device not requiring especially prepared originals, invented in 1900.
Rectigraph
59
• the beginning of the revolution in copying methods. • image-forming process which creates essentially full-sized copies of the original.
Diffusion-transfer Reversal Process
60
most widely used photocopying technique invented by the Xerox Company in 1937.
Electrostatic Process
61
uses an electrically-charged zinc oxide-coated paper.
Electrofax
62
• the art of making miniature photographs facsimliles of original material. • brought revolution in microforms
Microphotography
63
has a reduction of 12-22 diameter of the original.
microfilms
64
name applied to single-sheet forms of microfilms.
microfiche
65
used for positive copies.
Kalvar film
66
stabilizes the compound and the air sacs.
ultraviolet light
67
In US, what is the biggest photography product purchase?
Amateurs
68
A process wherein it removes silver halides.
fixer bath
69
Louis Daguerre (Frenchman) released his formula to manufacture a familiar _____
daguerreotype

CPI Finals (5 decks)

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