Phonology, Phonetics, Prosodics Flashcards
Phoneme
a basic unit of sound
Dipthong
a vowel sound that is a combination of two separate sounds, where a speaker glides from one sound to another
Voicing
the act of the vocal chords either vibrating (voiced) or not (unvoiced), in the production of consonant sounds
Glottal stop
the unvoiced ‘t’ sound
Eg. wa’er (water)
Manner of articulation
the extent to which airflow is interrupted by parts of the mouth in the production of constant sounds
Syllable
a unit of sound with a vowel at its centre
Accent
the pronunciation of words (regional)
Accomodation
the way that individuals adjust their speech patterns to match others
Sound iconicity
the use of the sound system to mirror form or meaning
Onomatopoeia
Some words appear to echo in the sounds they represent in their spelling
Shibboleth
A language item used as a marker or test of allegiance to a group. This comes under phonology if based on pronunciation
Paralanguage
anything beyond the words and grammar of language but part of an individual’s vocal expression
Eg. whispering and laughter
Non-verbal communication
body language and facial expressions
