Phonological Processes Flashcards
Backing
Alveolar sounds are substituted with velar sounds
dog –> gog
Fronting
Velar/palatal sounds are substituted with alveolar sounds
cookie –> tootie
Gliding
/r/–>/w/
/l/–>/w/ or /j/
Stopping
Fricative/affricate sounds are substituted for with a stop consonant
fan–>pan
Vowelization
/l/ or /er/ are replaced with a vowel
apple –> appo
Affrication
Nonaffricate is replaced with an affricate
door –> joor
Deaffrication
Affricate is replaced with a fricative/stop
chips –> ships
Alveolarization
Nonalveolar sound is substituted with an alveolar sound
shoe –> tu
Depalatization
Palatal sound is substituted with a nonpalatal sound
fish –> fit
Labialization
Nonlabial sound becomes a labial sound
tie –> pie
Assimilation
Consonant sound starts to sound like another sound in the word
bus –> bub
Denasalization
Nasal consonant changes to a nonnasal consonant
nose –> dose
Final consonant devoicing
Voice consonant at the end of a word is substituted for a voiceless consonant
pig –> pick
Prevocalic voicing
Voiceless consonant in the beginning of a word is substituted with a voiced consonant
comb –> gomb
Coalescence
2 phonemes are substituted with a different phoneme that has similar features
spoon –> foon
