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Speech Sound Midterm > phonological processes > Flashcards

phonological processes Flashcards

1
Q

what are the place, manner, and voicing of /p/ and /b/?

A

a voiceless and voiced bilabial stops

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2
Q

what is the place, manner and voicing of /m/?

A

voiced bilabial nasal

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3
Q

what is the place, manner, and voicing of /w/?

A

voiced bilabial glide

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4
Q

what are the place, manner, and voicing of /v/ and /f/?

A

voiced and voiceless labiodental fricatives

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5
Q

what are the place manner and voicing of the two /th/ phonemes?

A

voiced and voiceless interdental fricatives

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6
Q

what are the place, manner, and voicing of /t/ and /d/?

A

voiceless and voiced alveolar stops

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7
Q

what are the place manner and voicing of /s/ and /z/?

A

voiceless and voiced alveolar fricatives

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8
Q

what are the place manner and voicing of /n/ and /l/?

A

/n/ is a voiced alveolar nasal and /l/ is a voiced alveolar liquid

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9
Q

what are the place, manner, and voicing of /ch/ and /d3/?

A

voiceless and voiced palatal affricates

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10
Q

what are the place, manner, and voicing of /sh/ and /3/?

A

voiceless and voiced palatal fricatives

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11
Q

what are the place, manner, and voicing of /r/ and /j/?

A

voiced palatal liquid and voiced palatal glide

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12
Q

what are the place, manner, and voicing of /k/ and /g/?

A

voiceless and voiced velar stops

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13
Q

what is the place manner and voicing of /ng/?

A

voiced velar nasal

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14
Q

what are the place, manner, and voicing of /h/ and /?/

A

voiceless glottal fricatives and voiceless glottal stop

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15
Q

what is an example of an unstressed syllable deletion?

A

“mado” for tomato
“tefone” for telephone
“efant” for elephant

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16
Q

what are some examples of reduplication?

A

baba for bottle
dada for dog
tete for television

17
Q

what is an example of diminutization?

A

the addition of “ee” to the end of a word such as “cupy” for cup or “blankey” for blanket

18
Q

what is epenthesis?

A

insertion of an unstressed vowel (usually a shwa) between two consonants

ex: buh-lu for blue
puh-late for plate
cup-uh for cup

19
Q

what is final consonant deletion?

A

omission of final singleton consonant or entire consonant cluster

ex: bu- for books
du- dog
kar-pa for carpet

20
Q

what is initial consonant deletion?

A

omission of single consonant in words in the initial position or entire cluster

ex: own- phone
ah-zit for closet
owe- for show

21
Q

what is cluster reduction?

A

-deletion or substitution of some or all members of a cluster
-more common in initial position ,rare in final position

22
Q

what is substitution?

A

one class of sound substituted for another

23
Q

define stopping

A

most often defined as the substitution of stops for fricatives and affricates

ex: tu for shoe
dit for sit

24
Q

define deaffrication

A

replacement of an affricate by a stop or fricative

ex: tair for chair
sahp for chop
dahb for job
dim for gym

25
Q

define velar fronting

A

more common in word initial than word final position
ex: tahp for cop
dum for gum
rin for ring
tup for cup

26
Q

define depalatilzation

A

examples:
tek for check
duds for judge
dane for Jane

27
Q

define backing

A

examples:
bike for bite
hope for soap
kop for top

28
Q

define liquid gliding

A

/w/ for /r/

29
Q

define vocalization

A

vowelization
ex: simpo for simple
eh-bo for able
tay-bo for table

30
Q

define assimilation

A

the effect of one sound on another; sound that changes and a sound that causes change

31
Q

what are examples of labial assimilation?

A

bib for big
peb for pen
wap for wax
mob for moss

32
Q

define velar assimilation

A

affects alveolar and palatal consonants

33
Q

what are some examples of nasal assimilation?

A

mom for mop
nong for long
nown for nose

34
Q

what is an example of alveolar assimilation?

A

tawt for toss or soot for soup

35
Q

define prevocalic voicing

A

voiceless sound preceding a vowel becomes voiced

ex: vight for flight
bye for pie
den for ten

36
Q

what are examples of postvocalic devoicing?

A

pik for pig
tuk for tug
sat for sad

37
Q

what are phonological processes gone by age 3?

A

final consonant deletion
unstressed syllable deletion
diminutization
velar fronting
assimilation
reduplication
prevocalic voicing

Speech Sound Midterm (7 decks)

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