Phonics

Question 1

Grapheme

Answer 1

Smallest function unit of writing
(Letter sound corresponding)
example: Spoon —– S-p-oo-n

Question 2

Diagraph

Answer 2

2 letter that make 1 sound

examples: Chair /ch/
graph /ph/
mouth /th/
spoon /oo/

Question 3

alphabetic understanding

Answer 3

words are made up of letters that represent sounds

example: (Drawing of an apple) - A
Student recognizes letters
naming letters
forming letters

Question 4

phonological recoding

Answer 4

using letter sound corresponding to pronounce or spell words

Question 5

phonics (part 2 of foundations of reading)

Answer 5

connection between graphemes and phonemes

Phonics instruction is a way of teaching reading that stresses the acquisition of letter-sound correspondences and their use in reading and spelling.

Question 6

phonics instruction

Answer 6

is to help beg readers understand how letters are linked to sound to form letter sound correspondence and spelling patters

Question 7

cvc words

Answer 7

consonant, vowel, consonant
example:
cat
sip
map
hat
bug

Question 8

cvcc words

Answer 8

consonant, vowel, consonant, consonant
example:
cast
tent 
lift
fist

Question 9

CCVC words

Answer 9

consonant, consonant, vowel, consonant

example:
trip
chat
ship
twig

Question 10

vowel pairs

Answer 10

ai - rain 
ay - stay
ea - bead
ee - tree
ie - cries
oe - toes
oa - boat
ue - blue

Question 11

Vowel diagraphs

Answer 11

oo - food
ea - bread
ei - weight
aw - awful 
au - august

Question 12

Dipthongs

Answer 12

(2 letters - 1 sound)
oy - boy 
oi - boil
ow - owl
ew - stew
ou - scout

Question 13

explicit, systematic, phonic instruction

Answer 13

(start w/ cvc words) then blends + diagraphs

systematic explicit - sound spelling correspondences are directly taught in isolation

Incedental, implicit, phonics -
sound/spelling correspondence are inferred from reading whole words and dissecting their phonics elements

Question 14

letter sound correspondence

Answer 14

knowing a letter corresponds to a specific sound
taught through modeling
introduced 2-3 letters at a time
order of intro to letter: 
1. s a t i p n
2. c k  e h r
3. m d g o
4. l f b q u
5. j z w
6. v y x

Question 15

what does phonics instruction teach children?

Answer 15

it teaches children the relationship between graphemes (letters) of spoken language and phonemes

Question 16

phonic instruction is important because

Answer 16

it helps understand the alphabetical principle. Systematic + predictable relationships between written letters and spoken words

Question 17

phones instruction is most important when

Answer 17

when they are systematic - plan of instruction includes carefully selected set of letter-sound relationships, organized in logical order, explicit - precise direction for teaching these relationships

Question 18

what does phonics improve

Answer 18

it improves word recognition , spelling, reading comprehension

Question 19

What grades should phonics be taught in

Answer 19

Its most effective if done in k-1st grade