phonetics test

Question 1

what type of diacritics is used here?
[ɚ]

Answer 1

rhoticity

Question 2

what type of diacritic is used here?
[tʰ]

Answer 2

aspiration

Question 3

what type of diacritic is used here?
[ẽ]

Answer 3

nasalisation

Question 4

what type of diacritic is used here?
[lʲ]

Answer 4

palatalisation

Question 5

what type of diacritic is used here?
[a:]

Answer 5

long vowel

Question 6

what type of diacritic is used here?
[lˠ]

Answer 6

velarisation

Question 7

what type of diacritic is used here?
[ d̪ ]

Answer 7

dental

Question 8

which of the dental fricatives /θ/ or /ð/ is voiced?

Answer 8

/ð/

Question 9

which of the labiodental fricatives /f/ or /v/ is voiced?

Answer 9

/v/

Question 10

which of the alveolar fricatives /s/ or /z/ is voiced?

Answer 10

/z/

Question 11

which of the post-alveolar fricatives /ʃ/ or /ʒ/ is voiced?

Answer 11

/ʒ/

Question 12

what are the two labiodental fricatives?

Answer 12

/f/ and /v/

Question 13

what are the two dental fricatives?

Answer 13

/θ/ and /ð/

Question 14

what are the two alveolar fricatives?

Answer 14

/s/ and /z/

Question 15

what are the two post-alveolar fricatives?

Answer 15

/ʃ/ and /ʒ/

Question 16

what is the voiceless glottal fricative?

Answer 16

/h/

Question 17

what is the voiceless labial-velar fricative?

Answer 17

/ʍ/

Question 18

what are the 6/7 plosives?

Answer 18

/p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /g/ /k/ /ʔ/

Question 19

what are the two bilabial plosives?

Answer 19

/p/ and /b/

Question 20

which of the two bilabial plosives (/p/ and /b/) is voiced?

Answer 20

/b/

Question 21

what are the two alveolar plosives?

Answer 21

/t/ and /d/

Question 22

which of the alveolar plosives (/t/ and /d/) is voiced?

Answer 22

/d/

Question 23

what are the two velar plosives?

Answer 23

/k/ and /g/

Question 24

which of the two velar plosives (/k/ and /g/) is voiced?

Answer 24

/g/

Question 25

what are the three nasals?

Answer 25

/m/ /n/ /ŋ/

Question 26

what is the bilabial nasal?

Answer 26

/m/

Question 27

what is the alveolar nasal?

Answer 27

/n/

Question 28

what is the velar nasal?

Answer 28

/ŋ/

Question 29

what is the glottal plosive?

Answer 29

/ʔ/

Question 30

what are the 3 approximants? (only needed for test)

Answer 30

/j/ /W/ /ɹ/

Question 31

what is the voiced alveolar LATERAL approximant?

Answer 31

/l/

Question 32

what is the voiced palatal approximant?

Answer 32

/j/

Question 33

what is the voiced alveolar approximant?

Answer 33

/ɹ/

Question 34

what is the voiced labial velar approximant?

Answer 34

/W/

Question 35

consonants are described in terms of? (4)

Answer 35

-voice (-airstream mechanism) -place of articulation -manner of articulation

Question 36

How are vowels are described? (3/5)

Answer 36

-Height -front/back position -lip shape (-nasalisation) (-length)

Question 37

what is nasalisation?

Answer 37

when air flows through the oral and nasal cavities as opposed to just oral

Question 38

what are the semi-vowels/glides? (3)

Answer 38

/j/, /w/ /M/

Question 39

what is a semi-vowel/glide ?

Answer 39

they combine elements of vowels & consonants & when produced a gliding movemnet between artiuclars occur

Question 40

what are obstruents?

Answer 40

sounds involving a greater degree of air obstructions (e.g. stops, fricatives, affricates )

Question 41

what are sonorants?

Answer 41

sounds involving a wider vocal tract (approximants, glides, vowels)

Question 42

which out of obstruents and sonorants can be both voiced and voiceless?- compared to the other which is usually voiced

Answer 42

obstruents

Question 43

minimal pairs=

Answer 43

pairs of words that are distinguished by only 1 sound (e.g. kit and cat- /kit/ /kat/)

Question 44

allophones=

Answer 44

phonetically similar, alternate ways of saying a phoneme (e.g. /n/ in "tend" "tenth" "net"- also /^/ vs /ʊ/)

Question 45

which brackets are used to transcribe phonemes?

Answer 45

//

Question 46

Brackets [] are used to transcribe what?

Answer 46

allophones

Question 47

what is a phone?

Answer 47

speech sound that does not rely on being classified as a phoneme or allophone (e.g. ʊ)

Question 48

what is a segment?

Answer 48

minimal chunk of speech (can be phones or morphs)

Question 49

what is a suprasegment?

Answer 49

above & beyond a segment- includes: prosody, syllables, stress, tone

Question 50

phonotactics=

Answer 50

how segments are sequenced in a syllables, specific to a particular language (e.g. /ɳ/ can only occur syllable finally in eng)

Question 51

structure of a syllable= (4)

Answer 51

-onset (O) -rhyme (R) (contains N + C) -nucleus (N) -coda (C)

Question 52

what features are used to convey prosodic features (such as stress, tone & intonation)?

Answer 52

-variation in pitch, volume & duration

Question 53

what is funamental frequency?

Answer 53

vibration rate of vocal folds