Grammar IV

Question 1

Nominative case=(5)

Answer 1

I, we, he, she, they

Question 2

Accusative case=(5)

Answer 2

me, us, him, her, them

Question 3

main grammatical relations=(6)

Answer 3

Direct object, indirect object, subject, subject complement, object complement, oblique

Question 4

Direct Object- (spotting)=(4)

Answer 4

> usually follows verb in VP
NOT a PP
can be promoted to subjecthood through passivisation
=patients

Question 5

Indirect objects= (3)

Answer 5

> only occur in sentences with a DIRECT object already
=recipients or beneficiaries
can be expressed alternatively by a ‘to-‘ or ‘for’ phrase

Question 6

Intransitive clauses

Answer 6

no object

Question 7

Transitive clauses

Answer 7

1 object

Question 8

Ditransitive clauses

Answer 8

2 objects

Question 9

Subject complement=

Answer 9

they COMPLETE the description of the subject
(not restricted to NPs)

Question 10

Object complements=

Answer 10

they COMPLETE the description of the object
(not resticted to NPs)

Question 11

Oblique= (3)

Answer 11

> all other nominals which indicate separate entities
almost all are PPs
can be arguments but more typically adjuncts

Question 12

Subject- (spotting)=

Answer 12

> usually precede V
in y/n qns, subject & verb INVERT
can be replaced by nominative pronoun