Phonetics, Phonology And Prosodics Flashcards
What is phonology?
The study of the sound system of a language.
What is phonetics?
The study of how sounds are produced by users of the sound system.
What are prosodics?
The study of rhythm and intonation used in speech.
What is a phoneme?
A basic distinct unit of sound.
What are the different types of vowel phonemes?
Long, short, and diphthongs.
How are consonant phonemes formed?
In terms of voicing, place of articulation, and manner of articulation.
What do phonemes combine to form?
Syllables.
What is an example of sound iconicity?
Onomatopoeia, alliteration, assonance, consonance.
What is sound symbolism?
The arbitrariness of the relationship between sound and meaning.
Fill in the blank: The word ‘dog’ has no phonological relation to the animal which it describes, illustrating _______.
sound symbolism.
How do speakers use variations in speech?
By altering pitch, intonation, volume, and speed depending on situational aspects.
What does the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represent?
Different aspects of the sound system.
True or False: Variations in speech patterns can occur due to regional accents.
True.
What are variations in speech patterns influenced by?
Regional accent and accommodation.
What is the significance of the representation of speech patterns?
It varies among individuals and groups in different discourses.
What is a phoneme?
The basic unit of sound
Phonemes are the smallest units of sound that can distinguish meaning in a language.
Define diphthong.
A vowel sound that is the combination of two separate sounds, where a speaker glides from one to another
Examples include sounds like ‘oi’ in ‘boil’ or ‘ow’ in ‘cow’.
What is voicing in phonetics?
The act of the vocal cords either vibrating (voiced) or not vibrating (unvoiced) in the production of a consonant sound
For example, ‘b’ is voiced, while ‘p’ is unvoiced.
What does place of articulation refer to?
The position in the mouth where a consonant sound is produced
Examples include bilabial (both lips), alveolar (tongue against the alveolar ridge), etc.
Define manner of articulation.
The extent to which airflow is interrupted by parts of the mouth in the production of consonant sounds
This includes stops, fricatives, and nasals among others.
What is a syllable?
A sound unit with a vowel at its centre
For example, ‘cat’ has one syllable, while ‘banana’ has three.
Define accent in the context of language.
A regional variety of speech that differs from other regional varieties in terms of pronunciation
Accents can indicate geographic origin or social class.
What is accommodation in speech?
The ways that individuals adjust their speech patterns to match others
This includes convergence (moving towards another’s language style) or divergence (moving away from another’s language style).
What does sound iconicity mean?
The use of the sound system to mirror form or meaning
Examples include onomatopoeic words like ‘buzz’ or ‘hiss’.
What is the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)?
An internationally recognised system of phonetic transcription
IPA provides a consistent way to represent sounds across different languages.
