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Intro to Linguistics > Phonetics > Flashcards

Phonetics Flashcards

1
Q

phonetics

A

study of minimal units that make up language

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2
Q

minimal units of spoken language

A

consonants, vowels, melodies, rhythms

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3
Q

three phonetic studies

A

articulatory phonetics, acoustic phonetics, auditory phonetics

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4
Q

articulatory phonetics

A

study of production of speech sounds

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5
Q

acoustic phonetics

A

study of transmission and physical properties of speech sounds

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6
Q

auditory phonetics

A

study of perception of speech sounds

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7
Q

phone

A

one sound

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8
Q

segment

A

discrete unit of speech (consonants and vowels)

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9
Q

suprasegmentals

A

properties that aren’t discrete - stress, tone, intonation

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10
Q

consonants

A

produced with constriction along vocal tract

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11
Q

vowels

A

produced with free airflow through vocal tract

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12
Q

in phonetic alphabet one symbol represents

A

one sound (phone)

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13
Q

if two sounds distinguish one word from another, they should

A

be represented by different symbols

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14
Q

if two sounds are very similar, and differences arise only in specific contexts, then

A

same symbol is still used

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15
Q

syllable

A

unit of speech that can contain a single sound or multiple sounds (composed of rhyme and onset)

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16
Q

rhyme

A

vowel and following consonants of a syllable

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17
Q

rhyme composed of

A

coda and nucleus

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18
Q

nucleus

A

vocal part

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19
Q

coda

A

final consonants

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20
Q

onset

A

consonants preceding the rhyme

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21
Q

monophthongs

A

simple vowels - single configuratoin of vocal tract

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22
Q

diphthongs

A

complex vowels - sequence of two configurations of vocal tract

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23
Q

running/continuous speech

A

casual talk - pronounciation differs from when each separate word is pronounced

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24
Q

articulation

A

motion/positioning of vocal tract for production of speech

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25
Q

consonants characterization

A

voice(less), place of articulation, manner of articulation

26
Q

manner of articulation

A

how is airstream constricted

27
Q

larynx

A

contained vocal folds and glottis

28
Q

vocal tract

A

oral and nasal cavaties

29
Q

subglottal system

A

respiratory components below the larynx

30
Q

pulmonic egressive airstream

A

mechanism of sound production in which sounds made by exhaling

31
Q

trachea

A

windpipe, inferior to the larynx

32
Q

epiglottis

A

flap of tissue that can lower to cover the vocal folds

33
Q

glottis

A

opening between vocal fold

34
Q

voicing

A

vibration of vocal folds when closed

35
Q

bilabial

A

bringing lips close together

36
Q

labiodental

A

lower lip against upper front teeth

37
Q

interdental

A

tip of tongue between upper and lower front teeth

38
Q

alveolar

A

tip of tongue at alveolar ridge

39
Q

post-alveolar

A

tongue at hard palate

40
Q

palatal

A

tongue near center of hard palate

41
Q

velar

A

soft part of mouth behind hard palate

42
Q

glottal

A

produced at the larynx

43
Q

stop

A

constrict airflow completely in oral cavity

44
Q

fricative

A

near complete obstruction of airflow

45
Q

affricates

A

sequence of stop to fricative

46
Q

nasals

A

velum lowered to allow airflow into nasal tract (all voiced in english)

47
Q

liquids

A

constriction of vocal tract but not enough to block of cause turbulance

48
Q

turbulance caused by which manner of articulation

A

fricatives

49
Q

lateral liquid

A

center blocked, sides allow airflow

50
Q

retroflex liquid

A

curling tip of tongue behind alveolar ridge

51
Q

syllabic consonants

A

consonants that act as vowel to form a syllabic nucleus

52
Q

glides

A

slight closure of articulators

53
Q

flap

A

tip of tongue quickly strikes roof of mouth

54
Q

vowels characterized by

A

tongue height, retraction, roundness, tense/lax

55
Q

low vowel

A

open jaw and low tongue

56
Q

high vowel

A

tongue close to roof of mouth

57
Q

mid vowel

A

tongue at intermediate height in mouth

58
Q

front vs back vowel

A

tongue forward vs back in mouth

59
Q

round vs unrounded

A

lips form O shape or not

60
Q

tense vowel

A

more extreme change in tongue position

61
Q

law vowel

A

tongue doesn’t extend to periphery of vowel space

62
Q

diphthongs are the vowel variation of

A

affricates

Intro to Linguistics (10 decks)

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