Phonemes Flashcards
/ɑɪ, ɔɪ, ɑʊ/ are….
phonemic
/eɪ, oʊ/ are….
allophonic
e description
mid front unrounded tense
“ey”
late
cake
e
“eee”
keep
sheep
i
i description
high front unrounded tense
“ih”
bit
kitten
ɪ
ɪ description
high front unrounded lax
“eh”
red
contest
ɛ
ɛ description
mid front unrounded lax
bat
splat
and
æ
æ description
low front unrounded lax
about
machine
ə unstressed
ə description
unstressed
mid central unrounded lax
“uh” –> drags out a bit longer
most monosyllabic words are stressed
bud
doubl
ʌ stressed
ʌ description
stressed
mid central unrounded lax
“errrr” –> on word ends
butter
sure
martyr
ɚ
ɚ description
high central rounded lax
“ir”
bird
shirt
ɝ
ɝ
high central rounded tense
“ooo”
moon
through
u
u description
high back rounded tense
wood
book
wolf
ʊ
ʊ description
high back rounded lax
“oh”
okay
soul
plateau
o
o
mid back rounded tense
“awe”
law
log
broad
ɔ
ɔ
mid back rounded lax
cod
bob
shawl
ɑ
ɑ
low back unrounded tense
I
my
pride
ɑɪ
pay
day
eɪ
/eɪ/ description
allophonic
/ɑɪ/ description
phonemic
“ow”
how
brown
now
ɑʊ
/ɑʊ/ description
phonemic
“oh”
cold
flow
oʊ
/oʊ/ description
allophonic
“oy”
boy
loiter
oil
ɔɪ
/ɔɪ/ description
phonemic
/p/ description
voiceless labial stop
/t/ description
voiceless alveolar stop
kid
duck
cut
k
/k/ description
voiceless velar stop
/b/ description
voiced labial stop
/d/ description
voiced alveolar stop
/g/ description
voiced velar stop
/f/ description
voiceless labiodental fricative
“th”
thief
bath
θ
/θ/ description
voiceless interdental fricative
/s/ description
voiceless alveolar fricative
“sh”
ship
fish
ʃ
/ʃ/ description
voiceless palatal fricative
/h/ description
voiceless glottal fricative
/v/ description
voiced labiodental fricative
“th”
the
bathe
ð
/ð/ description
voiced interdental fricative
/z/ description
voiced alveolar fricative
genre
beige
ʒ
/ʒ/ description
voiced palatal fricative
“ch”
cheese
beach
tʃ
/tʃ/ description
voiceless palatal affricate
jug
ridge
dʒ
/dʒ/ description
voiced palatal affricate
/m/ description
voiced labial nasal
/n/ description
voiced alveolar nasal
/ŋ/ description
voiced velar nasal
/w/ description
labial glide approximant
/l/ description
alveolar liquid approximant
/j/ description
palatal glide approximant
/ɹ/ description
liquid alveolar approximant
“ruh”
row
robot
ɹ
when these vowels are replaced by another monothong or diphthong the meaning of the word changes
phonemic diphthongs
these vowels can be broken down, but the meaning of the word won’t change
allophonic
