Anatomy Study Guide Flashcards
What specific part of the brain controls language production?
Broca’s area
What specific part of the brain controls language comprehension?
Wernicke’s area
which lobe creates thought?
frontal lobe
the primary (pre)motor cortex is found in the _____ lobe
frontal
Explain how the primary motor cortex is involved in speech production
controls movement of articulators
primary motor cortex AKA ____
motor strip
the primary sensory cortex is found in the ____ lobe
parietal
______ controls semantic processing, reading, comprehension.
works w/ supramarginal gyrus & primary sensory cortex to combine touch, vision, hearing
angular gyrus
how is the primary AUDITORY cortex different from the sensory & motor cortexes?
temporal lobe
processes auditory information
what is Wernicke’s area essential for?
language comprehension
The 2 most important subcortical structures for speech production are _____ and _____
basal nuclei
thalamus
_____ contains cerebral peduncles. Controls reflexive movement and eye movement
midbrain
_____ controls facial movement, hearing, balance
pons
____ controls breathing, blood P, swallowing
medulla
what part of the brain creates dopamine?
substantia nigra
highly connected to TRUNK of body & middle tissue
divides cerebellum into 1/2s
vermis
receives info from DISTAL body
separated based on gyri
lobes
damage to the _____ lobe of the cerebellum results in speech deficits
frontal
vermis
if speech is slurred, _____ is impaired
cerebellum
fluency & clear speech is controlled by….
cerebellum
makes sure articulators know exactly how much to move to produce a sound accurately
cerebellum
3 main muscles for in/expiration are _____
diaphragm
internal intercostals
external intercostals
50/50, VFs closed
quiet breathing
10 in/90 ex, VFs open
speech production
what is the rate at which the VFs vibrate called?
fundamental frequency
what is the fundamental frequency that we use in natural conversation?
habitual pitch
pressure under the VFs is called ____ pressure
subglottal
pressure between the VFs is called ____ pressure
intraglottal
abstract functions (reasoning, prob solving, personality, articulate motor movement, thought) controlled here
frontal lobe
controls body motor movement
primary motor cortex
language production is primary function
broca’s area
controls sensory input; located in parietal lobe
primary sensory cortex
main area for processing auditory info in which different cortical areas respond to different frequencies
primary auditory cortex
language comprehension is primary function
wernicke’s area
smallest lobe; visual
occipital lobe
regulates actions of primary motor cortex for smooth execution
basal nuclei
processes info from and back to all cortical areas
thalamus
made of neuron bundles where axons of cell bodies carry info back and forth to cerebrum to spinal cord OR cerebrum to brainstem
midbrain
carries info b/w left and right cerebellar peduncles
pons
90% of spinal nerve fibers cross to contralateral site of body in this region
medulla
adds input on how much articulators need to move to reach target constrictions
cerebellum
