Phobias depression and OCD Flashcards
Depression
Define
Depression is a mood disorder where an individual feels sad and lack intrest in their usual activities. Also included negative thoughts, raised or lowerd activity levels or difficulty eating and sleeping
OCD
Define
Obsessive compulsive disorder
An Anxiety disorder where anxiety arises from both obsessions (persistant thoughts) and compulsions (behaviours that need to be repeated over and over again))
compulsions are a response to obsessions and are belivedto reduce anxiety.
Phobias
Define
A group of mental disorders characterised by high levels of anxiety in response to a stimulus or group of stimuli.
This anxiety interferes with normal living.
Clinical disorders
OCD, depression and phobias
We all experience these things to some degree, however these are not clinical dissorders as they dont affect our day to day life significantly.
Phobias
Primary features
Extreme anxiety and conscious avoidance of a feared object or stimuli.
Agoraphobia, Arachniaphobia, etc
Phobias
Behavioural characteristics
An immediate response to a feared stimuli is avoidance, the usual stress response is fight or flight BUT for phobics its fight, flight or Freeze.
Phobias
Emotional characterisitics
Primarily unreasonable and persistant fear anxiety or panic.
This is cued by the presence or anticipation of a specific object or situation.
Phobias
Cognative characterisitics
These are characterised by irrational thinking and resistance to a rational argument (People who are scared of flying will not listen to the fact flying is actually safe).
Depression
Base
Its a Mood disorder. Most people suffer with Depression however those with mania can experience this with depression- known as Bi-polar disorder.
Depression
Behevioural characterisitcs
Activity level may be reduced or increased, some people expereicne reduced energy and increased fatigue while others become agitated and restless.
Some sleep more while others experience insomnia.
Depression
Emotional characterisitcs
The formal dignosis is- ‘major depressive dissorder’ and these symptons include, feeling worthless, low self esteem, feeling sad, loss of intrest in activities they once enjoyed, lack of control of anger.
Depression
Cognative characterisitcs
Negative emotions are associated with with negative thoughts such as low self concept, guilt and a sense of worthlessness.
These negative thoughts are irrational and don’t reflect reality.
OCD
Base
OCD is an anxiety dissorder, typically starting in young adulthood.
It has two main features pesristant and obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviour.
Intrusive thoughts about contamination and a compulsion to clean
OCD
Behavioural characterisitcs
Compulsive behaviours reduce anxiety caused by obsesive thoughts.
They can be overt like washing hands due to fear of contamination or covert like praying to avert danger.
Faliure to carry out these behaviours can lead to excessive anxiety.
OCD
Emotional and Cognative Characteristics
OCD can cause anxiety, distress embarrasment or shame.
The obsessions are reccurent, intrusive and unwelcome thoughts that at some point the individual will realsie are unwelcome and unreasonable
