phobias Flashcards
what are the three types of phobias identified by the dsm-5
specific
social
agoraphobia
what does reciprocal inhibition mean
it’s impossible to be anxious and relaxed at the same time
what are the steps to systematic desensitisation
- anxiety hierarchy
- relaxation methods are taught
- gradual exposure towards the phobic stimulus
strength of systematic desensitisation
wechsler et al 2019
found it was effective for treating all phobias
weakness of systematic desentisation
effectiveness may be limited by the controlled environment as you can not apply all situations to the environment
what are the steps to flooding
- relaxation techniques are learnt
- immediate exposure to the phobic stimulus
- client is distressed then uses relaxation and then is less distressed
- the phobia is extinct!
strength of flooding
it’s cost effective as it can work in as little as one session
weakness of flooding
schumacher 2015
flooding is more stressful than SD
What is the two step model
phobias are acquired by classical conditioning and maintained by operant conditioning
What is a strength to the two stop model
has real world application
exposure therapies such as systematic desensitisation prevents avoidance
What’s a limitation of the two step model
its reductionist as it avoids cognitive factors such as irrational beleifs so it doesnt explain all symptoms
strength of little albert and counterpoint
shows a link between bad experiences and phobias but you cannot generalise as its a one person study
