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psychology - psychopathology > Phobias > Flashcards

Phobias Flashcards

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1
Q

What are phobias characterised by?

A

Excessive fear and anxiety

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2
Q

What triggers phobias?

A

Object
Place
Situation

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3
Q

DSM-5 categories of phobia and related anxiety disorder

A

Specific phobia
Social anxiety
Agoraphobia

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4
Q

Specific phobia

A

Phobia of object or situation

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5
Q

Social anxiety

A

Phobia of social situation

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6
Q

Agoraphobia

A

Fear of being outside or in a public place

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7
Q

Behavioural characteristics of phobias

A

Panic
Avoidance
Endurance

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8
Q

Panic

A

Phobic stimulus = panic
Crying, screaming, running away etc
Children may react differently e.g. freezing

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9
Q

Avoidance

A

Making an effort to not come into contact with the phobic stimulus
Can make it hard to go about every day life

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10
Q

Endurance

A

Person chooses to remain in the presence of the phobic stimulus

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11
Q

Emotional characteristics of phobias

A

Anxiety
Fear
Unreasonable emotional response

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12
Q

Anxiety

A

Emotional response
Unpleasant stage of high arousal
Prevents relaxation
Difficult to experience positive emotion
Can be long term

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13
Q

Fear

A

Immediate and extremely unpleasant response experienced when we encounter or think of a phobic stimulus
Usually more intense
Experienced for shorter time

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14
Q

Unreasonable emotional response

A

Anxiety and fear is greater than normal
Disproportionate to any threat

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15
Q

Cognitive characteristics of phobias

A

Selective attention to phobic stimulus
Irrational beliefs
Cognitive distortions

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16
Q

Selective attention to phobic stimulus

A

If a person can see the stimulus it’s hard to look away
Keeping attention on something dangerous is good - gives us best chance of quickly reactions to threat
Not useful if fear is irrational

17
Q

Irrational beliefs

A

Hold unfounding thoughts in relation to stimuli

18
Q

Cognitive distortions

A

Perception may be inaccurate or unrealistic

psychology - psychopathology (11 decks)

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