cognitive approach to explaining depression

Question 1

becks negative triad

Answer 1

faulty information processing
negative self schema
negative triad

Question 2

faulty information processing

Answer 2

depressed people attend to negative aspects of a situation and ignore positives
blow small problems out of proportion ‘black and white thinking’

Question 3

schema

Answer 3

package of ideas and information developed through experience
act as a mental framework for interpretation of sensory information

Question 4

self-schema

Answer 4

package of information people have about themselves

Question 5

negative self-schema

Answer 5

interpret information about themselves in a negative way

Question 6

Beck

Answer 6

a person develops a dysfunctional view of themselves because of three types of negative thinking that occur automatically

Question 7

negative triad

Answer 7

1. negative view of world - creates impression there is no hope anywhere
2. negative view of future - reduce any hopefulness and enhance depression
3. negative view of self - enhance existing depressive feelings because they conform the existing emotions of low self-esteem

Question 8

Beck evaluation: Research support

Answer 8

Clark and Beck concluded cognitive vulnerabilities were more common in depressed people but they preceded the depression
Later confirmed by Cohen et al - 473 adolescents regularly measured cognitive vulnerability and found that showing cognitive vulnerability predicted later depression
Association between cognitive vulnerability and depression

Question 9

Beck evaluation point: real-world application

Answer 9

Application in screening and treatment for depression
Cohen eat al - assessing cognitive vulnerability allows psychologists to screen young people and identify the most at risk of developing depression and monitoring them

Question 10

ABC MODEL evaluation: real-world application

Answer 10

Psychological treatment of depression
David et al - Evidence supporting REBT can change negative beliefs and relive symptoms of depression
REBT = real world value

Question 11

Ellis model evaluation: reactive and endogenous depression

Answer 11

Only explains reactive depression
Many depression cases aren’t traceable to life events and the causes of depression aren’t obvious
ABC model doesn’t explain edogenous depression
Only explain some cases so only a partial explanation