Phlebotomy 2 Flashcards
Barriers to effective communication include all except which of the following?
a. Medial jargon
b. Hearing loss
c. Hand signals
d. the patient speaking only Cantonese
c. Hand signals
A patient does not wish to proceed with blood tests. The phlebotomist should do which of the following?
a. Ask the orderly to hold the patient down for the procedure
b. Document this on the requisition form
c. Notify their supervisor immediately
d. Ask their colleague to perform the venipuncture
b. Document this on the requisition form
A phlebotomist pretends to be summoned to a celebrity patients room and simply checks on her while recovering from surgery. The phlebotomist could be accused of which of the following?
a. Defamation
b. Invasion of privacy
c. Battey
d. Negligence
b. Invasion of privacy
In hand hygiene, alcohol disinfectant is not recommended in case of contact with which bacteria?
a. Clostridium tetani
b. Staphylococcus aureus
c. Proteus mirabilis
d. Giardia lamblia
a. Clostridium tetani
Which of the following is the proper order for putting PPE?
a. Gloves, face shield, mask
b. Mask, goggles, gloves
c. Face shield, respirator, gown
d. Gown, mask, gloves
d. Gown, mask, gloves
According to OSHA guidelines, employers must provide free vaccinations for which of the following conditions?
a. Human papillomavirus
b. HIV
c. HBV
d. HCV
c. HBV
Which of the following precaution categories is employed to avoid infections such as influenza, diphtheria, and scarlet fever?
a. Emergency precautions
b. Standard precautions
c. Droplet precautions
d. Airborne precautions
c. Droplet precautions
which of the following types of waste refers to parts of the human body that were surgical removed?
a. Pathologic/anatomical
b. Infectious
c. Clinical laboratory
d. Sharp
a. Pathologic/anatomical
The human body is organized so that cells group together to perform more complex functions. This structure is called which of the following?
a. Tissue
b. Muscle
c. Organs
d. system
a. Tissue
The cornea lies superficially on the eyeball. This means which of the following?
a. The cornea is inside the eyeball
b. The cornea is at the middle of the eyeball
c. The cornea sits directly on the surface of the eyeball
d. The cornea is behind the eyeball
c. The cornea sits directly on the surface of the eyeball
Which of the following planes cuts the body into a right and left sections?
a. Frontal
b. Sagittal
c. Midsagittal
d. Transverse
b. Sagittal
Which of the following is an artery that goes along the antecubital fossa, with any pulse being felt along the lower edge of the elbow crease?
a. Radial
b. Carotid
c. Brachial
d. Femoral
c. Brachial
When the pulse rate is below 60 bpm in adults, it is referred to as which of the following?
a. Bradycardia
b. Tachycardia
c. Arrythmia
d. Bradypnea
a. Bradycardia
Which of the following is the term used when the hemoglobin level in the blood is low?
a. Leukemia
b. anemia
c. Leukocytosis
d. Thrombocytosis
b. anemia
Which of the following is a condition that happens when the formation of blood clots obstructs the flow of blood vessels?
a. Phlebitis
b. Thrombosis
c. Aneurysm
d. Arteriosclerosis
b. Thrombosis
Which of the following blood types is known as the universal donor?
a. A
b. B
c. AB
d. O
d. O
Which of the following white blood cells detoxifies foreign proteins and proliferates in response to allergens and parasites?
a. Eosinophil
b. Lymphocyte
c. Monocyte
d. Basophil
a. Eosinophil
Which of the following stages of hemostasis is marked by platelet aggregation and the formation of a temporary plug?
a. Primary
b. Secondary
c. fibrin clot
d. Clot lysis
a. Primary
When a monocyte is found in the liver tissues, it is often referred to which of the following?
a. Alveolar macrophage
b. Osteoclast
c. Microglia
d. Kupffer cell
d. Kupffer cell
Which of the following tests is used to evaluate the function of the intrinsic coagulation pathway?
a. Activated partial thromboplastin time
b. Prothrombin time
c. Thrombin time
d. D-dimer
a. Activated partial thromboplastin time
Which of the following tests is used to estimate the extent of fibrinolysis?
a. Activated partial thromboplastin time
b. Prothrombin time
c. Thrombin time
d. D-dimer
d. D-dimer
Which of the following statements is correct regarding the difference between arteries and veins?
a. Veins are larger and thicker
b. Arteries are thinner
c. the tunica media of arteries contain less elastic tissue
d. The veins in the lower limbs contain many valves
d. The veins in the lower limbs contain many valves
which of the following items are routinely found in a phlebotomist tray?
a. Flashlight
b. Tourniquet
c. Urine cups
d. Dextrose 50% vials
b. Tourniquet
When asked to collect blood for a metabolic panel in a patient with small veins, the phlebotomist used a 25 gauge needle, which of the following tests might be affected by this?
a. Serum potassium and magnesium
b. White cell differential counts
c. Blood culture and sensitivity
d. Crossmatching
a. Serum potassium and magnesium
which of the following is the advantage of using the ETS?
a. The phlebotomist can control the suction pressure manually
b. It allows the angle of venipuncture to be lower for difficult veins
c. Blood collects directly into the tubes
d. Transfer devices allow for the safe transfer of blood
c. Blood collects directly into the tubes
A sample sent to hematology in a lavender top was rejected due to a clot in the tube, which of the following could be the cause of this?
a. The phlebotomist failed to invert the tubes eight times
b. The phlebotomist used an expired tube
c. The phlebotomist had a short draw
d. The phlebotomist did not use a discard tube
a. The phlebotomist failed to invert the tubes eight times
which of the following sets of tubes are drawn in the correct order?
a. Red, orange, yellow, green, light blue, lavender
b. Light blue, red, green, lavender, yellow
c. Green, lavender, light blue, orange, red, yellow
d. Lavender, light blue, green, yellow, orange, red
b. Light blue, red, green, lavender, yellow
which of the following is the first step of venipuncture?
a. Applying the tourniquet
b. Preparing materials
c. Greeting the patient
d. Obtaining the requisition form
d. Obtaining the requisition form
When the patient asks about details of the tests, the phlebotomist should do which of the following?
a. Describe these using medical jargon to impress the patient
b. Tell only the names of the tests to be done
c. Politely inform the patient that this information is best given by their physician
d. Answer all the patients questions about their condition
c. Politely inform the patient that this information is best given by their physician
You find out that the patient has not complied with fasting requirements for a blood glucose determination. You should do which of the following?
a. Reprimand the patient
b. Inform the nurse in charge and take the sample
c. Take the sample anyway
d. inform the nurse in charge and stand by for further instructions from the physician
d. inform the nurse in charge and stand by for further instructions from the physician
Which of the following is the best time to wear your gloves?
a. In front of the patient
b. Before entering a patients room
c. Only before inserting the needle
d. Only before handling the blood specimen
a. In front of the patient
Although this vein is superficial and in the antecubital fossa, it is best to be avoided, It is which of the following veins?
a. Median cubital
b. Basilic
c. Cephalic
d. Axillary
b. Basilic
Which of the following happens when the tourniquet is left for longer than one minute?
a. Hemolysis
b. Hemoglobin
c. Hematoma
d. Skin blanching
a. Hemolysis
Which of the following is the proper orientation of the tourniquet when properly tied around a patients arm?
a. The free end is facing away from the antecubital fossa
b. The loop touches the antecubital fossa
c. The loop is facing upwards
d. The free end is facing toward the antecubital foss
a. The free end is facing away from the antecubital fossa
To ensure the maximal bacteriostatic action of isopropyl alcohol, it is important to do which of the following?
a. wait for 1 minute for the alcohol to dry
b. Puncture the site while it is still wet
c. Fan the site to dry
d. Wipe the site with a cotton pad
a. wait for 1 minute for the alcohol to dry
Which of the following gives the phlebotomist the idea that the needle has entered the vein?
a. The resistance on the needle will decrease
b. The resistance on the needle will increase
c. Blood squirts out of the vein
d. A hematoma forms
a. The resistance on the needle will decrease
Which of the following is the appropriate way to apply pressure to the puncture site?
a. While the needle is in the vein, use gauze and apply pressure for 1 minutes
b. Ask the patient to hold down the gauze on the site for about 2 to 3 minutes
c. Apply pressure with gauze, then ask the patient to bend their elbow over it
d. Keep pressure on the site for 15 seconds
b. Ask the patient to hold down the gauze on the site for about 2 to 3 minutes
when should each specimen be labeled?
a. Immediately after each tube is removed from the ETS holder
b. On your way to the laboratory
c. While you are still with the patient
d. In front of the pneumatic tubes
c. While you are still with the patient
Before leaving an admitted patient, the phlebotomist should do which of the following?
a. Thank the patient
b. Return the bed rails
c. Perform hand hygiene
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
You are asked to do a venipuncture in the psychiatric ward, Which of the following is a prudent practice in this area?
a. Ask another phlebotomist to accompany you
b. Keep your equipment within the patients reach
c. Ask a nurse to help you reassure these patients
d. wait for a family member to give consent to venipuncture
c. Ask a nurse to help you reassure these patients
Is it acceptable to have another person verify the identity of which of the patients?
a. Teenage patient
b. elderly patiente
c. 2 month old patient
d. Combative patient
c. 2 month old patient
Pre examination variables affect the integrity of the specimens and alter test results. Which of the following statements is correct?
a. Reference ranges are the same across age and sex
b. Panic attacks may interfere with blood gas levels
c. Following short term exercise, test results are unaffected
d. at higher altitudes, oxygen and hemoglobin levels are lower
b. Panic attacks may interfere with blood gas levels
Which of the following is observed when blood is collected too soon after a fatty meal?
a. Hemolysis
b. Lipemia
c. Hemoconcentration
d. Leukemia
b. Lipemia
Your patient appears pale, cold and clammy as you are about to perform venipuncture. You should do which of the following?
a. Proceed with the venipuncture
b. Instruct the patient to do distracting actions
c. Allow them to have a sweet drink
d. instruct the patient to close their eyes
b. Instruct the patient to do distracting actions
Which of the following tests is affected by prolonged tourniquet application?
a. serum cholesterol
b. Hemoglobin levels
c. Serum potassium
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
When a patient has IV fluids in both arms, you can which of the following to ensure a proper specimen?
a. Postpone the venipuncture
b. Ask the nurse to hold the IV infusion and draw blood inferior to this point
c. ask the nurse to hold the IV infusion and draw above this point
d. Use the lower limb veins
b. Ask the nurse to hold the IV infusion and draw blood inferior to this point
Which of the following is a suitable method for cleansing the site for an alcohol level blood test?
a. Soap and water
b. Sodium hypochlorite
c. 40% isopropyl alcohol
d. Premoistened tissues
a. Soap and water
Which of the following techniques is recommended when no blood collects into the evacuated tubes after puncturing?
a. Retry with a tube requiring a larger volume
b. Remove the needle immediately and reinsert it
c. Probe the needle until there is blood inside the tubes
d. Remove the evacuated tube and pull the needle slowly. When it is already just underneath the skin, rotate the needle about a quarter of a turn
d. Remove the evacuated tube and pull the needle slowly. When it is already just underneath the skin, rotate the needle about a quarter of a turn
Nerve damage is the dreaded complication of venipuncture. which of the following are some practices you need to avoid?
a. Probing the needle blindly
b. Sudden movements
c. Inserting in a lateral direction
d. All of above
d. All of above
which of the following technical errors leads to a hemolysis formation?
a. Pulling on a syringe plunger
b. Using a 23 gauge needle
c. Inverting the evacuated tubes
c. Applying alcohol cleanser on the site
b. Using a 23 gauge needle
On which of the following requested tests would dermal punctures be inappropriate?
a. ESR
b. Blood culture
c. Coagulation tests
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
Which of the following statements is correct?
a. Newborn blood inherently resist hemolysis
b. Capillary blood is closer representation of venous sample
c. Warming the area before a dermal puncture increases blood circulation
d. Milking the site increases blood circulation
c. Warming the area before a dermal puncture increases blood circulation
All except which of the following equipment is needed for a dermal puncture?
a. Lancets
b. Microtainer tubes
c. Tourniquet
d. All of the above
c. Tourniquet
On which sites can a dermal puncture be safely performed on newborns?
a. Third or fourth fingers
b. Earlobes
c. The bottom surface of the heel
d. Back of the heel
c. The bottom surface of the heel
A phlebotomist can prevent infections when performing a dermal puncture by doing which of the following?
a. Puncturing too deep to hit the bone
b. Repeating the puncture on a previous site
c. Reusing a lancet
d. Waiting or the alcohol to dry before puncturing
d. Waiting or the alcohol to dry before puncturing
For which of the following test is povidone-iodine recommended for cleansing dermal puncture sites?
a. Uric acid
b. Potassium
c. bilirubin
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
Which of the following should be the order of draw to collect for blood smear, complete blood count, and capillary blood glucose?
a. Blood smear, capillary blood glucose, complete blood count
b. capillary blood glucose, blood smear, complete blood count
c. blood smear, complete blood count, capillary blood glucose
d. complete blood count, blood smear, capillary blood glusose
b. capillary blood glucose, blood smear, complete blood count
How long must the blood be allowed to air dry before mailing a newborn screening test?
a. 15 minutes
b. 30 minutes
c. 2 hours
d. 3 hours
d. 3 hours
Why does the preparation of blood smears take precedence in the order of draw for dermal punctures?
a. To avoid collecting blood with platelet clumps
b. To avoid carry over of additives
c. to avoid hemolysis
d. To ensure the collection of tissue fluid
a. To avoid collecting blood with platelet clumps
which of the following is the use of a thin smear for malarial tests?
a. To concentrate the sample to find and detect malarial parasites
b. To identify the morphology of malarial parasites
c. To prevent transmission of blood borne pathogens
d. To use a medium to grow parasites
b. To identify the morphology of malarial parasites
The blood culture test results provide the physician with information on which of the following?
a. Positive growth of bacteria
b. Genus and species of bacteria
c. Susceptibility or resistance to antibiotics
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
Which of the following anticoagulants is suitable, as it allows bacteria to grow in blood cultures?
a. EDTA
b. Sodium polyanethol sulfonate
c. Acid citrate dextrose
d. Sodium fluoride
b. Sodium polyanethol sulfonate
When is necessary to take a blood culture sample from patients who are already taking antibiotics, special blood culture bottles are available. These can be which of the following?
a. an antimicrobial removal device
b. Fastidious antimicrobial neutralization
c. Polymethylmethacrylate antibiotic beads
d. Only A and B
d. Only A and B
which of the following are correct practices before collecting specimens for blood culture?
a. wipe the rubber stoppers with 70% alcohol after uncapping blood culture bottles
b. wipe the rubber stoppers with iodine after uncapping blood culture bottles
c. Do not leave the alcohol pads over these bottles
d. It is unnecessary to cleanse the rubber stoppers of the blood culture bottles
a. wipe the rubber stoppers with 70% alcohol after uncapping blood culture bottles
which of the following is the correct blood culture volume requirement for adults?
a. 8 to 10 ml of blood per blood culture tube
b. 1 ml for every 5 kg
c. 1 ml per every 10 lb.
d. 8 to 10 ml of blood, equally divided into two blood culture bottles
a. 8 to 10 ml of blood per blood culture tube
A chilled specimen should not be used for which of the following tests?
a. ABG
b. INR
c. ACTH
d. PTH
b. INR
Which of the following tests may require a chain of custody form?
a. Blood alcohol
b. Hepatitis panel
c. Serum ammonia
d. newborn screening
a. Blood alcohol
Which of the following may cause a falsely high blood alcohol level?
a. Using 70% isopropyl alcohol as skin cleanser
b. Underfilling the grey tube
c. Uncapping the tube before testing
d. Using Zephirin chloride as a skin cleanser
a. Using 70% isopropyl alcohol as skin cleanser
Which of the following characteristics would make a volunteer eligible to donate blood?
a. currently taking warfarin
b. currently taking antibiotics
c. previously donated blood 4 weeks ago
d. currently taking antihypertensive medications
d. currently taking antihypertensive medications
The blood bag should contain which of the following additives to preserve the blood and prevent clots?
a. Sodium polyanethol sulfonate
b. Citrate phosphate dextrose adenine
c. Acid citrate dextrose
d. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
b. Citrate phosphate dextrose adenine
which of the following procedures is useful for collecting only platelets from a volunteer?
a. Apheresis
b. venipuncture
c. electrophoresis
d. centrifugation
a. Apheresis
A midstream urine specimen is ideal for which of the following tests?
a. Urine culture
b. drug testing
c. urine pregnancy test
d. routine urinalysis
a. Urine culture
Which of the following are measures to ensure that urine remains unadulterated for drug testing?
a. adding a blueing agent to the toilet reservoir
b. Removing water sources from the area
c. ensuring the urine temperature i between 32.5⁰C and 37.7⁰C
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
The patient is instructed to do which of the following for semen collection?
a. Refrain from sexual activity for 7 days
b. Collect the sample in a condom
c. keep the sample warm
d. bring it to the laboratory 2 hours after collecion
c. keep the sample warm
Which of the following statements regarding semen collecting is true?
a. taking note of the time of collection is necessary
b. the patient should refrain from sexual activity for 7 days
c. the sample should be collected only in the laboratory
d. condoms are suitable for semen collection since it is convenient
a. taking note of the time of collection is necessary
When assisting with a bone marrow aspiration, which of the following are expected of you?
a. prepare 3 or 4 slides for the core biopsy
b. make 6 to 8 thin smears
c. collect 1-2 ml of bone marrow in EDTA and heparin-containing tubes
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
Amniotic fluid can be used on which of the following test?
a. Alpha-fetoprotein
b. bilirubin
c. all of the above
d. none of the above
c. all of the above
Which of the following CSF tubes is correctly paired with its intended department?
a. Tube 1 for microbiology
b. Tube 2 for immunoserology
c. Tube 3 for microbiology
d. Tube 4 for immunoserology
c. Tube 3 for microbiology
Synovial fluid should be collected in which of the following tubes to evaluate crystals?
a. Gray tubes
b. Lavender tubes
c. Yellow tubes
d. Red tubes
b. Lavender tubes
Which of the following types of serous fluid is increased by heart failure?
a. Pleural
b. Pericardial
c. Parietal
d. Peritoneal
b. Pericardial
The breath can be analyzed for the presence of which of the following conditions?
a. Alcohol intoxication
b. Helicobacter pylori
c. Lactose intolerance
d. all of the a above
d. all of the a above
which of the following is less invasive specimen for testing HIV antibodies?
a. Saliva
b. Buccal swab
c. Hair
d. Dermal puncture
a. Saliva
Diagnosis of lactose intolerance from the breath involves which of the following?
a. An 8 hour fast for a hydrogen breath test
b. Hydrogen level being serially measured every 15 minutes for one hour
c. Decreasing levels of hydrogen in the balloon, indicating lactose intolerance
d. The patient breathing into a balloon device to measure a baseline hydrogen level
d. The patient breathing into a balloon device to measure a baseline hydrogen level
Which of the following is obtained after the centrifugation of clotted blood?
a. Serum
b. Plasma
c. Buffy coat
d. Aliquot
a. Serum
Which of the following statements is true regarding centrifugation?
a. A clotted tube may be rimmed to allow better separation of serum
b. A Specimen may be repeatedly centrifugated only 2 times
c. Specimen for a whole blood analysis should not be centrifugated
d. Centrifugation may be completed 2 hours after receiving the specimen
c. Specimen for a whole blood analysis should not be centrifugated
How long can serum or plasma de adequately kept at room temperature?
a. 8 hours
b. 24 hours
c. 48 hours
d. 72 hours
a. 8 hours
How long can a CBC in EDTA tubes remain at room temperature?
a. 2 hours
b. 4 hours
c. 8 hours
d. 24 hours
d. 24 hours
How long can glucose count specimens in sodium fluoride tubes be refrigerated?
a. 12 hours
b. 24 hours
c. 48 hours
d. 72 hours
c. 48 hours
You should package laboratory specimens to be shipped in public transport in which of the following ways?
a. In a pneumatic tube capsule
b. In a triple packaging
c. In a double packaging
d. In a biohazard bag
b. In a triple packaging
Which of the following functions is the laboratory information systems capable of?
a. telling you whether a specimen has already been received in the laboratory
b. Viewing the patients results
c. Billing for laboratory services
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
All except which of the following are waived tests according to CLIA?
a. Covid-19 rapid antigen test
b. Glucometer test
c. Urine pregnancy test
d. Blood culture
d. Blood culture
which of the following is a provider performed microscopy procedure?
a. Covid 19 antigen test
b. urine microscopy
c. blood culture and sensitivity
d. complete blood count
b. urine microscopy
Which of the following organizations implements guidelines to prevent infections?
a. CLIA
b. CMS
c. OSHA
d. CAP
c. OSHA
Which of the following are specific rules designed for the conduction of a test kit?
a. manufacturer instructions
b. Manual of procedures.
c. Laboratory policies
d. All of the above
a. manufacturer instructions
Quality control ascertains the correctness of test results. Which of the following situations prompts quality control testing?
a. when a test shows a result within the range
b. After receiving a new shipment of test reagents
c. After performing 100 tests of the same lot number
d. every other day
b. After receiving a new shipment of test reagents