PHLEBOTOMY

Question 1

main parts of vacuum tube system

Answer 1

multi-sample needle, needle holder, vacuum tube

Question 2

non-additive vs additive tubes

Answer 2

non-additive: no anticoagulant
additive: coagulants, anticoagulants, antiglycolytic

Question 3

serum vs plasma vs buffy coat

Answer 3

serum: separates liquid from cells, does not contain fibrinogen

plasma: separates liquid from cells, contains fibrinogen

buffy coat: layer of WBC and platelets

Question 4

clot activators vs thixotropic gel vs anticoagulants

Answer 4

• clot activators: thrombin or silica, create serum, red or gold
• anticoagulants: EDTA, NaCit, Hep, KOx, ACD, SPS, CPD, creates plasma
• thixotropic gel: separates liquid serum/plasma from cells, in SST or PST

Question 5

anticoagulants

Answer 5

• ethylendiaminetetraacetic acid EDTA, purple or pink
• sodium citrate, light blue
• lithium or sodium heparin, green
• Potassium Oxalate, KOx, grey
• Acid Citrate Dextrose, ACD, yellow, glass
• Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate, SPS, blood cultures, aerobic or anaerobic or pediatric
• Citrate Phosphate Dextrose, CPD, transfusions

only heparin binds to thrombin to prevent coagulation, all else binds to calcium

Question 6

antiglycolytic

Answer 6

prevents breakdown of glucose by RBC, Sodium flouride NaFl, grey

Question 7

EDTA vs heparin vs NaCit vs NaFl vs ACD

Answer 7

EDTA: hematology or immunohematology or trace elements
heparin: chemistry
NaCit: coagulation
NaFl: lactate
ACD: immunohematology

Question 8

blood culture procedure

Answer 8

clean bottles with alcohol prep, clean site with chlorahexidine, collect aerobic and anaerobic, switch sites, repeat cleaning steps, collect aerobic only, collect other tubes

• adults: 30 ml, 2 aerobic(blue) and1 anaerobic (purple)
• pediatric: 10ml, 1 aerobic and 1 anaerobic, or 1 10ml yellow pediatric