Philosophy of Science Flashcards
What is Pre-Socratic period?
- Refers to Greek philosophers active before Socrates, or people who lived at the same time as Socrates who expounded on earlier knowledge.
What did Pre Socratic Philosophers reject?
They rejected traditional mythological explanations for the phenomena they observed in favor of more rational observation based explanations not faith based.
What did Pre Socratic Philosophers believe?
These philosophers were Materialists (they had to be able to see it to prove it)
- they believed that all things are composed of material and nothing else that we could not observe.
- they had had the goal of determining the singular substance that the world was made up of without using supernatural or mythical explanations
**Limited themselves mainly to Metaphysics
When did the Pre Socratic period happen?
7th to 5th BC
How long does the period of Ancient Philosophy last?
Yes 7th BC to 5th AD
What is Socratic Period?
- Philosophers at the time lives the same time as Socrates.
What did Socrates do during the Socratic period?
-Socrates developed a system of critical reasoning to determine how to live properly and differentiate between right and wrong.
What did Plato and Aristotle do during the Socratic period?
- Remained committed to truth
- Organized and systematized most of the problems of philosophy
When did the Socratic period occur?
5th to 4th BC
What is Hellenistic Period?
Development of new schools of thought in the Hellenistic world which would spread Greek culture to non-Greek lands conquered by Alexander the Great
During this period, Stoicism, Skepticism, Epicureanism and Neo-Platonism flourished.
When did the Hellenistic period occur?
3rd Century B.C. - 3th Century A.D.
What schools of thought flourished during the Hellenistic period?
Stoicism
Skepticism
Epicureanism
Neo Platonism
What is Roman Period? (Overlapsss ALOT)
Overlapped with the Hellenistic period (Stoicism and Neo-Platonism) and the Medieval periods as philosophers like Christians St. Augustine and Boethius had more in common with the later Medieval philosophers.
When did the Roman Period happen?
1st Century B.C. - 5th Century A.D. (Fall of Rome)
What Periods were involved in Ancient Philosophy?
Pre-Socratic
Socratic
Hellenistic
Roman
What is Metaphysics and who believed in it?
Questioning the nature of existence, being and the world.
Pre-Socratics
7th BC to 5th BC
How long does the Medieval period of Philosophies last BROADLY SPEAKING ?
6th - 16th Century AD
What was the Medieval period SPECIFICALLY SPEAKING?
A renewed flowering of Western philosophical thought after the intellectual drought of the Dark Ages.
Marked by Christian influence as philosophers TRIED TO prove God’s existence and rejoining Christianity with classical philosophy.
A strong resurgence in Islamic and Jewish philosophy at that time.
When were the first Universities created?
During the Medieval period and it had full time scholars
When was the Medieval period SPECIFICALLY SPEAKING?
6th to 14th century AD
What is the Renaissance period?
The bridge between the medieval and modern periods of philosophy
Represents a movement away from Christianity and medieval Scholasticism and towards Humanism
The new sense of critical inquiry set the stage for the birth of modern philosophy in the Age of Reason.
What is the Renaissance period NAMED AFTER?
The revival of classical civilization and learning
What is Humanism?
the increasing focus on the temporal and personal over merely seeing this world as a gateway to the Christian afterlife.
As humans we are responsible for bettering our own life and the world around us.