Philosophy Figures Flashcards
St. Thomas Aquinas
“The Five Ways” five proofs for the existence of God
Aristotle
Plato’s student who developed a systematized logic
Augustine of Hippo
4th and 5th century bishop, neoplatonist
George Berkeley
Irish idealist who view mental representations as fundamental
Rene Descartes
French rationalist philosopher and mathmatician. “I think, therefore I am.”
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
German idealist. Known for teleological orientation
Martin Heidegger
German philosopher; existentialism
Thomas Hobbes
British materialist human existence “nasty, brutish, short”
David Hume
Scottish empiricist. Questions the connection between cause and effect.
Edmund Husserl
German known as father of phenomenology
William James
American empiricist. Known for the phrase “stream of consciousness”
Kant
German idealist best known for “categorical imperative”
Kierkegaard
Danish existentialist
Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibnitz
German rationalist
John Locke
tabula rasa
John Stuart Mill
English empiricist known for ethical writings on Utilitarianism
Nietzsche
German, known for his concept of Ubermensch (superman)
William of Occam
14th century English philosopher who developed the notion of parsimony. Occam’s Razor- simple explanation is the best.
Blaise Pascal
“Pascal’s Bargain” argues for belief in the existence of God.
Plato
Greek philosopher who studied under Socrates. “Forms” - things in the world are shadows of universals.
Pythagoras
pre-Socratic
Jean Jacques Rousseau
French Romantic philosopher of education
Bertrand Russell
British linguist
Gilbert Ryle
British philosopher of language and logical posivitist
