philosophy and psychology of education Flashcards
Idealism
intellectual capacity
think for themselves
cognitive development of abstract principles, holistic learning, interdisciplinary approach
socratic method
realism
knowledge gained through reason and experience
technicians
curriculum: systematic, organized, different subject-matter disciplines
based on facts, reason, and practical use
pragmatism
adopt to an ever changing world
achieve desired outcomes
relevant to students
active learning, experiment, solve problems, social consensus
research & analytical skills
existentialism
freedom to choose their own role in life
cognitive learning focus
understand themselves
emphasis on humanities
self paced & self directed
individual freedom & choice of students
perennialism
teach everlasting ideas
rationally and critically
specialization to expert on that field
universal and classic curriculum
teacher centered, socratic method, mutual inquiry sessions
high academic standards
essentialism
training with what are essential
back to basics
basic skills
mastery of facts and skills
progressivism
education comes from experience
enlightened & intelligent citizens
responds to student’s needs and relates to their personal experience
learning by doing (practicals, experimental method)
reconstructionism
centers for reconstruction of society
attain social reform
social action in solving real problems
inquiry dialogue
community based learning
motivates students to investigate pressing and controversial issues and problem
constructivism
people construct their own knowledge of the world
develop intrinsically motivated & independent learners equipped with learning skills
students are taught how to learn
teacher provides data or experiences
adapt to learner’s needs
behaviorism
proper response following presentation of specific environmental stimulus
cognitivism
sequential process
recognition, reflection, application, evaluation
constructivism
learning is constructing new ideas based on previous knowledge
learning is an active process
humanism
learner-centric
student is authority
self esteem, goals, full autonomy = key elements
connectivism
knowledge is dsitributed across a network of connections
