Philosophical View of The Self Flashcards
is defined as a person who seeks wisdom or enlightenment
Philosopher
Enumerate the 11 people who has concept of self
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle
St. Augustine
St. Thomas
John Locke
Rene Descartes
David Hume
Immanuel Kant
Gilbert Ryle
Maurice Merleau
Is a prominent figure in western Philosophy
Socrates
“The unexamined life is not worth-living”
Socrates
What was the reason he was persecuted by the Athens?
Corrupting the youth and impiety
Ideal Realm: The soul is perfect and immortal
Physical Realm: The body is imperfect and mortal
Dualism: Soul and Body
What is the main concept of self of Socrates?
Dualistic View of Man
He is a philosopher who is a student of socrates
Plato
What did Plato believed in one’s individual self?
It is an immortal soul in a mortal and perishable body.
It is part of the soul that part desires to exert reason and attain rational decisions.
Rational soul
It is part of soul where desires supreme honor.
Spirited soul
It is part of the soul that desires bodily pleasure such as food, drink, sex, etc.
Appetitive soul
What is the concept of rational soul, spirited soul, and appetitive soul?
Tripartite Soul
He taught the theory of Golden mean.
Aristotle
What does Golden mean teach?
Emphasizes moderation - avoiding too much and too little.
What does the Aristotle believed in about self?
It is composed of body and soul are inseparable.
What does Aristotle calls man?
A rational animal
What is Aristotle view of the soul is like?
form of the human body that allows us to think, imagine, and perceive desire.
What is the concept of self of Aristotle?
World: Matter and Form
How does St. Augustine view the human person?
Split between world, impefect part and an immortal soul.
What is the concept of self of St. Augustine
Bifurcated (split/branched) in nature
He is a philosopher who adapted Aristotle’s view that mas has two parts, matter and form.
St. Thomas Aquinas
What are the 3 levels of soul of St. Thomas Aquinas?
Vegetative powers, sense powers, and intellectual powers
What is the concept of self of ST. Thomas Aquinas?
Hylomorphism
It is common stuff that makes up the entire universe.
Hyle
It is the essence or substance of the living thing.
Morphe
He believed that the self or personal identity is a psychological continuity and is founded through consciousness (memory)
John Lock
What concept did John Lock introduce?
Tabula rasa
What does tabula rasa mean?
Empty mind
It is shaped by experience, and sensations and reflections being the two sources of all our ideas.
Empty mind
He is regarded as the Father of Modern Philosophy
Rene Descartes
What did Rene Descartes famously declared?
“I think, therefore I am”
What is the concept of self of Rene Descartes?
Cogito & Extenza
The thing that thinks
Cogito (Mind)
extension of the mind
Extenza (Body)
What is Rene Descartes perspective in the self?
Self is composed of two entities cogito and extenza, and that mind is makes a man.
He believed that the self was an entity outside of the physical body, but rather a bundle of impressions.
David Hume
What is concept of self of David hume?
Impressions and Ideas
Are the basic objects of our experience or sensation
Impressions
are copies of impressions
Ideas
He opposed hume’s idea
Immanuel Kant
Mind that organizes the impression that men get from the world
Apparatuses of the mind
What is Immanuel Kant’s concept of self
Apparatuses of the mind
He believed that the self is not one entity one can locate and analyze but a simple the convenient name that people use to refer to all behaviors
Gilbert Ryle
The self is a name that people call all behaviors that a person makes
Behaviors
He is a phenomenologist that argues that the supposed divide between the mind and body is invalid, as they are inextricably linked.
Maurice Merleau Ponty
What is the concept of self of Maurice Merleau Ponty?
Experiences, body and emotions
