Philosophers Flashcards
Doesn’t believe in absolute truths (questioned everything) or morality, we are ignorant, we don’t have complete justice, taught Plato
Socrates
wrote “the republic”, believe the government should be run by philosophers, he taught Aristotle
Plato
Created the enlightenment, wrote “the prince,” believed their goal should be to stay in power, the end justifies the means
Machiavelli (Italian)
Great organizer of ideas, classified governments, wrote “the politics”, believed in three types of governments: run by one person, run by few, run by many, taught Alexander the great
Aristotle
Female writer during enlightenment, feminist thinker,believed woman could do something with an education and wanted education to be equal for both sexes, her daughter Mary Shelley wrote “Frankenstein”
Mary Wallstonecraft (English)
Thinker of the Renaissance and part of the enlightenment, began to separate thinking from religion (becoming less religious), wrote “the leviathan” because he thought the government should be big to prevent a state of nature, believed in a social contract that could not be revoked
Thomas Hobbes (English)
Wrote “two treatises on government”, believed in a social contract but believed it could be revoked,placed all power in legislature (he did not believe in Republic, believed in a limited monarchy or a group of people who make our decisions)
John Locke (English)
Agreed with John Locke but thought more people should make decisions not just the legislature, made doctrine called “separation of powers” to create three branches of government, created checks and balances system to ensure three branches of government stay equal
Montesquieu (French)
Believed in a majority vote (Direct democracy), if you didn’t follow the group vote, he believed you should be exiled
Rousseau (French)
Believed we all could have our own opinions (individuality) and we should all tolerate each other, believed in separation of church and state and that the State can’t tell the church what to do
Voltaire (French)
